继承权放弃制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 19:29

本文选题：继承权 + 继承权放弃制度　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：继承权放弃制度是对遗产的顺利移转和继承中相关利益主体权益的公平保护均具有重要意义的一项财产继承制度。我国当前的继承权放弃制度因受现行继承法制定之初的社会经济发展水平、时代背景及立法经验和技术所限，其内容较为简单和原则。面对二十多年后迅速发展的社会经济、日益复杂的继承法律关系及民众继承观念已发生一定变化的客观情况，该制度的不足日益凸显，在立法制度安排和制度的具体内容上均有待进一步的明确或完善。文章拟对继承权放弃的有关理论问题进行探讨，阐述其发展轨迹，揭示该制度的立法宗旨。对国外的相关立法进行考察和比较分析，总结出国外该制度相关立法的有益经验，结合目前学者对继承权放弃制度的理论研究，在考量我国民众的继承习惯和社情、国情的基础上提出完善我国继承权放弃制度的建议。除引言和结语外，正文共分为四个部分：第一部分为继承权放弃制度的概述。首先对继承权的含义及性质进行界定和分析，指明本文中所涉及的继承权仅为狭义层面的继承权，进而对继承权放弃的含义进行介绍，通过与易混淆的遗产的放弃、继承权的丧失两个法律概念进行比较，分析其性质。最后对继承权放弃制度的发展进行概述，从该制度的起源和发展历程指出其立法宗旨是以继承自愿、公平和诚实信用为基本理念，力求继承中所涉各方利益主体的权益能够得到衡平保护。第二部分为国外继承权放弃制度的立法介绍与评析。主要通过对德国、法国、日本和瑞士四个国家的相关立法进行考察，，在对各国继承权放弃制度的立法制度安排和具体内容进行比较分析的基础上，总结所考察各国相关立法注重尊重其本国民众的继承习惯与观念，在制度设计上努力寻求继承中各方主体利益衡平保护的有益经验。第三部分为我国继承权放弃制度的现状。首先介绍我国现行继承权放弃制度的立法概况及基本内容，指出当前一些因继承权放弃所引发纠纷的解决存有困惑，继承相关主体权益的保护缺乏救济的司法情况，指出我国现行继承权放弃制度在期限、方式、限制及效力等方面存在的有待完善之处。第四部分为我国继承权放弃制度的完善。主要是结合我国民众当前的继承习惯和我国实际情况，对国内学者和司法实务工作者完善继承权放弃制度的建议及观点进行分析，并以国外的有益立法经验作为借鉴，对我国继承权放弃制度的制度安排及内容提出完善建议：一是在制度安排上，将该制度的内容放入继承法的总则之中，体现其独立性；二是在继承权放弃制度的内容上须完善继承权放弃的代理，明确继承权放弃应在确定的时间内以书面形式作出，并不得附有保留条件和部分进行。明确继承权放弃的效力，包括确定效力、放弃继承者对遗产的管理义务和被放弃应继份额的归属效力；三是一定情形下赋予债权人撤销权，明确继承权放弃无须经过配偶的同意，通过对《婚姻法》第17条的内容作出相应的修改来完善对配偶利益的保护。
[Abstract]:The system of abandonment of the right of succession is a property inheritance system which is of great significance to the smooth transfer of the heritage and the fair protection of the interests of the stakeholders in the inheritance. The current system of abandonment of inheritance in China is limited by the level of social and economic development, the background of the times and the legislative experience and technology at the beginning of the formulation of the current inheritance law. It is simple and principle. In the face of the rapid development of the social economy after more than 20 years, the increasingly complex legal relations and the idea of the people's inheritance have changed a certain extent. The shortage of the system is becoming more and more obvious, and the specific contents of the legislative system arrangement and system have to be further defined or perfected.
The article discusses the theoretical problems of the abandonment of the right of inheritance, expounds its development track, reveals the legislative purpose of the system, examines and compares the relevant legislation abroad, summarizes the useful experience of the relevant legislation of the system abroad, and combines the theoretical research of the present scholars on the abandonment of the right of inheritance, and examines the people of our country. On the basis of inheritance habits, social conditions and national conditions, this paper puts forward suggestions for improving the abandonment system of inheritance rights in China.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the body is divided into four parts.
The first part is an overview of the inheritance right abandonment system. First, it defines and analyzes the meaning and nature of the inheritance right, indicating that the inheritance right involved in this article is only the right of inheritance in the narrow sense, and then introduces the meaning of the abandonment of inheritance right, and compares the two legal concepts of the loss of inheritance rights through the abandonment of the confusing heritage and the loss of the right of inheritance. In the end, the development of the inheritance abandonment system is summarized. From the origin and development process of the system, it is pointed out that its legislative purpose is to inherit voluntariness, fairness and honesty and credit as the basic idea, and to strive for the equity protection of the interests of the parties involved in the inheritance.
The second part is the legislative introduction and analysis of the system of the abandonment of the right of inheritance abroad. It mainly investigates the relevant legislation of four countries in Germany, France, Japan and Switzerland. On the basis of comparison and analysis of the legislative system arrangement and specific content of the system of abandonment of the inheritance rights of various countries, the article summarizes the relevant legislation of various countries to pay attention to it. The people's inheritance habits and concepts in the system design strive to seek the beneficial experience of equitable protection of the interests of all parties in succession.
The third part is the present situation of the system of abandonment of the right of inheritance in our country. First, it introduces the general situation and basic content of the current system of abandonment of inheritance in our country, and points out that some of the current disputes arising from the abandonment of inheritance rights are puzzled, the judicial situation of the protection of the protection of the relevant rights and interests of the related subjects is lacking, and the present abandonment system of the right of inheritance is pointed out in our country. There is still room for improvement in terms of time, mode, limitation and effectiveness.
The fourth part is the perfection of the system of abandonment of the right of inheritance in our country. The main part is to analyze the suggestions and views of the domestic scholars and judicial practice workers to perfect the system of abandonment of inheritance, based on the current inheritance habits of our people and the actual situation of our country, and take the useful legislation of foreign countries as reference and give up the system of the abandonment of the right of inheritance in our country. The system arrangement and the content put forward perfect suggestion: first, in the system arrangement, put the content of the system into the general rules of the inheritance law and reflect its independence; two, it is necessary to perfect the agency of the abandonment of inheritance right in the content of the inheritance right abandonment system, and make clear that the abandonment of the right of succession should be made in written form within the time of determination, and not to be attached. The validity of the abandonment of the inheritance, including the determination of the effectiveness, the abandonment of the obligation to manage the inheritance and the effect of the attribution of the relinquish share; three is the revocation of the creditor in a certain situation, and the clear inheritance of the waiver without the consent of the spouse is made through the content of the seventeenth article of the marriage law. Corresponding amendments to improve the protection of the interests of spouses.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.5

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