家产制与中国家庭法律的社会适应——一种“实践的法律社会学”分析

发布时间：2018-06-17 09:08

本文选题：家产制 + 分家模式　；参考：《法制与社会发展》2012年04期

【摘要】：家产制作为一种习惯法,与中国的家庭法律及其社会适应性存在着密切关联。对家产制和家庭法律的研究应该采取"实践的法律社会学"态度,通过经验研究来充分展示转型社会对家庭本身的内在需求,从而在法律制度上对这种社会需求给于正确的回应。考察分家模式的历史变迁,可以发现家产制是处理中国家庭财产分配的根本制度选择。在产权结构上,家产制具有客体上的公有性、主体上的多元性以及主体作用于客体的身份性等三大特征,从而区别于西方所有权制度。这种特殊的家产制度是中国转型社会的内在需求,因为中国农村的城市化是一个长期的过程,而在这个过程中家产制有利于维护家庭的稳定从而有助于城市化的顺利进行;另外一方面,家产制有利于补充国家养老能力的不足从而确保城市家庭的稳定和再生产,提升国家的整体竞争力。然而家庭法律却日益朝着"去家产制"和"私权化"的方向发展,从而丧失社会适应性,不利于家庭和社会的稳定。因此,中国的家庭立法应该回归新的家产制,并以其为中心确立起"发展型家庭法律"体系。
[Abstract]:Family property production is a kind of customary law, which is closely related to Chinese family law and its social adaptability. The research on family property system and family law should adopt the attitude of "legal sociology of practice" and fully demonstrate the inherent needs of the family in the transitional society through empirical research. Thus in the legal system to this kind of social needs to give the correct response. After examining the historical changes of the family separation model, we can find that the family property system is the fundamental system choice to deal with the family property distribution in China. In the structure of property right, the family property system has three characteristics: public ownership on the object, pluralism on the subject and the identity of the subject acting on the object, which distinguishes it from the western ownership system. This special family property system is the inherent demand of China's transitional society, because the urbanization of China's rural areas is a long-term process, and in this process, the family property system is conducive to maintain the stability of the family and thus contribute to the smooth progress of urbanization; On the other hand, the family property system is helpful to supplement the deficiency of the national pension ability and to ensure the stability and reproduction of the urban families, and to enhance the overall competitiveness of the country. However, family law is increasingly developing towards the direction of "delisting the family property system" and "privatizing", thus losing the social adaptability, which is not conducive to the stability of the family and society. Therefore, Chinese family legislation should return to the new family property system and establish "developmental family law" system.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“城市化背景下村庄变迁及其区域差异研究”(11BSH024)
【分类号】：D923

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