两岸离婚损害赔偿制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 17:45

本文选题：离婚损害赔偿 + 基本内涵　；参考：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究的对象是离婚损害赔偿制度,鉴于本人来自台湾,故本文研究的对象具体到了两岸离婚损害赔偿制度,本文试图通过对离婚损害赔偿制度的共性问题的探讨,直至在诸多方面对两岸离婚损害赔偿制度进行对比和分析,为大陆婚姻法的制度建设提供有益的素材和参照,无论从立法例还是制度理念而言,在一定程度上可以为大陆婚姻法中离婚损害赔偿制度提出有见地的意见,推动大陆婚姻法的完善。第一章主要谈及了论文的理论与实践价值,以及研究的思路和运用的方法。第二章主要是探讨离婚损害赔偿制度的基本内涵。本文认为,离婚损害赔偿制度是制约配偶一方因其过错行为,非法侵害配偶一方基于配偶身份所享有的相关合法权利,导致婚姻关系破裂,配偶一方得请求赔偿其财产上的损失和精神上损失的民事方面的法律制度。本文认定目前大陆现行离婚损害赔偿制度的性质应该是侵权责任。本文还分析了设立离婚损害赔偿制度的功能,包括法律功能、社会功能以及道德功能。本文还指出离婚损害赔偿制度的特征以及构成要件,特征包括地主体有特别要求、诉讼途径和时效的特别限制、特定化的离婚事由、唯一化的归责原则等几个方面。就构成要件而言,违法行为、损害事实、因果关系、主观要件是组成离婚损害赔偿的四方面内容。第三章主要分析比较了两岸离婚损害赔偿制度的制度共同点和区别。在共同点上,两岸对离婚损害赔偿都作了单独的规定,其赔偿范围基本相同,其民事责任方式相同。就区别而言,在离婚损害赔偿的适用范围、赔偿适用具体情形、赔偿请求权权利主体、赔偿义务主体、赔偿中关于赡养费的支付、关于追究第三人责任的问题等方面有着很大不同。第四章主要意图是通过参照台湾立法对大陆离婚损害赔偿制度进行立法完善。具体举措是拓展离婚损害赔偿的法定情形,扩大离婚损害赔偿的主体范围,设置追究第三者的民事责任之条款,重构离婚损害赔偿请求权的继承或让与以及完善离婚损害赔偿的诉讼时效等。
[Abstract]:The object of this paper is the divorce damage compensation system. In view of the fact that I am from Taiwan, the object of this paper is the divorce damage compensation system on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. This paper attempts to discuss the common problems of the divorce damage compensation system. Until the comparison and analysis of the system of compensation for divorce damages between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait in many aspects, it provides useful materials and references for the construction of the mainland's marriage law, whether from the legislative example or the concept of the system. To a certain extent, it can provide insightful opinions for the system of compensation for divorce damages in the mainland Marriage Law, and promote the perfection of the mainland Marriage Law. The first chapter mainly discusses the theoretical and practical value of the paper, as well as the research ideas and application methods. The second chapter mainly discusses the basic connotation of divorce damage compensation system. This paper holds that the system of compensation for divorce damages restricts one spouse's fault and unlawfully infringes on the spouse's related legal rights on the basis of spouse's status, which leads to the breakdown of marriage relationship. The civil legal system under which a spouse may claim compensation for damage to his or her property and moral damage. This paper concludes that the nature of the current divorce damages system in mainland China should be tort liability. The paper also analyzes the function of establishing divorce damages system, including legal function, social function and moral function. This paper also points out the characteristics and constitutive requirements of the system of divorce damages, including the special requirements of the local subject, the special limitation of the way of litigation and the limitation of limitation, the specific cause of divorce, the principle of sole imputation, and so on. As far as the constitutive elements are concerned, illegal acts, damage facts, causality and subjective elements are the four aspects of compensation for divorce damages. The third chapter mainly analyzes and compares the common points and differences of the divorce damages system between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. On the common ground, both sides of the strait have made separate provisions on divorce damages, with the same scope of compensation and the same way of civil liability. As far as the distinction is concerned, in the scope of application of the compensation for divorce damages, the specific circumstances in which compensation is applied, the subject of the right of claim for compensation, the subject of the compensation obligation, the payment of alimony in the compensation, There are great differences on the issue of the responsibility of the third party. The fourth chapter is intended to perfect the mainland divorce compensation system by referring to Taiwan legislation. The specific measures are to expand the statutory situation of divorce damages, to expand the scope of the subject of divorce damages, and to set up clauses to investigate the civil liability of third parties. Reconstructing the inheritance or assignment of the right to claim for divorce damages and perfecting the limitation of action for divorce damages.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.9

【参考文献】