未成年人指定监护制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 03:13

本文选题：未成年人 + 指定监护　；参考：《扬州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,监护制度的理论研究相对丰富,但未成年人指定监护的研究尚有不足。本文在阅读了大量学术著作的基础上,结合近年来社会中呈现的相关问题,对未成年人指定监护制度进行系统性的研究与梳理,对现有的法律规范及主流的未成年人指定监护理论进行时代性反思与总结。并基于以上的探索最终提出完善指定监护制度的具体合理性建议。本文着力研究了未成年人指定监护各类可能出现的情形,将其进行概括总结,从程序上规范化,从内容上全面化,从机制上系统化。完善未成年人指定监护制度理论是对监护制度理论的进一步完善。正确处理未成年人指定监护问题是未成年人利益保护的现实需要。对未成年人指定监护制度进行深入研究,有助于促进社会稳定及未成年人的健康发展,也是我国司法审判实践的现实需要。通过大量文献收集、梳理与研究,对国内外未成年人监护制度进行比较研究与分析,通过对未成年人监护人、事业单位、法院法官、律师、专家进行一定的访谈,总结未成年人指定监护实务面临的困境,通过价值分析与实证的调查方法,在前人研究成果的基础上,提出几点建设性意见,以完善我国未成年人指定监护制度体系。本论文包括三大部分：第一部分,通过对未成年人指定监护监护制度的理论发展进行系统性分析,探索未成年人指定监护的历史发展轨迹及其演变过程,从理论角度对未成年人指定监护制度进行宏观探索分析,进而探索未成年人指定监护的本质内涵,从法律强制性角度提出未成年人指定监护新概念。对未成年人的法定监护、遗嘱监护、委托监护等各类监护制度进行深入分析,从监护意愿来源角度对未成年人指定监护具体类型进行全新分类,进而构建清晰的未成年人指定监护逻辑框架。第二部分,对我国相关的未成年人指定监护法律法规进行梳理,从内容、立法与实务等多角度对我国现行的未成年人指定监护制度进行评析,如我国《民法通则》、《义务教育法》、《收养法》、《婚姻法》、《未成年人保护法》等,对比我国台湾及国外民法典的相关法律规定,如《德国民法典》、《法国民法典》、《魁北克民法典》、《菲律宾民法典》等,提炼提出自己的理论观点与立法思想。第三部分,通过对历年来各地法院相关指定监护判例分析,结合前两部分的理论观点、现行法律法规对未成年人指定监护制度进行总结,指出未成年人指定监护在立法、司法、法务操作存在的问题与不足,提出相应的立法、司法建议。如完善基层未成年人指定监护的具体操作流程,将未成年人指定监护从设立、撤销、变更等方面程序化,将未成年人指定监护的确立进行归档编册,对未成年人指定监护人的监护授权以书面的形式予以合法化呈现等。最终,提出未成年人指定监护制度的思考与建议。
[Abstract]:At present, the theoretical study of guardianship system is relatively rich, but the study of minors' designated guardianship is still insufficient. On the basis of reading a large number of academic works, this paper systematically studies and combs the system of designated guardianship of minors, combining with the related problems that have emerged in the society in recent years. Rethinking and summing up the existing legal norms and mainstream theory of designated guardianship of minors. And based on the above exploration, finally put forward the specific rational suggestions to improve the designated guardianship system. This paper studies all kinds of possible situations of minors' designated guardianship, summarizes them, standardizes them in procedure, makes them comprehensive in content, and systematizes on mechanism. Perfecting the theory of minors' designated guardianship system is the further perfection of the theory of guardianship system. Correctly handling the problem of minors' designated guardianship is the practical need for the protection of minors' interests. Further research on the system of minors' designated guardianship will help to promote social stability and the healthy development of minors, and is also the practical need of judicial practice in China. Through a large number of literature collection, combing and research, comparative research and analysis of the domestic and foreign juvenile guardianship system, through the minors guardian, institutions, court judges, lawyers, experts for certain interviews, This paper summarizes the difficulties faced by the practice of minors' designated guardianship and puts forward some constructive suggestions on the basis of the previous research results through the value analysis and empirical investigation to perfect the system of minors' designated guardianship in our country. This thesis includes three parts: the first part, through the systematic analysis of the theory development of the minors' designated guardianship system, explores the historical development track and the evolution process of the minors' designated guardianship system. This paper makes a macroscopic exploration and analysis on the system of designated guardianship of minors from the theoretical point of view, and then explores the essential connotation of the designated guardianship of minors, and puts forward a new concept of designated guardianship of minors from the angle of legal compulsion. The legal guardianship, will guardianship, entrustment guardianship and other guardianship systems of minors are deeply analyzed, and a new classification of specific types of minors' designated guardianship is carried out from the perspective of guardianship will sources. And then construct a clear logical framework of minors' designated guardianship. In the second part, the related laws and regulations of minors' designated guardianship are combed, and the current system of minors' designated guardianship is analyzed from the aspects of content, legislation and practice. For example, "General principles of Civil Law", "compulsory Education Law", "Adoption Law", "Marriage Law", "minor Protection Law", etc. For example, the German Civil Code, the French Civil Code, the Quebec Civil Code, the Philippine Civil Code, etc. In the third part, through the analysis of the relevant court cases of assigned guardianship over the years, combined with the theoretical viewpoints of the first two parts, the current laws and regulations summarize the system of designated guardianship of minors, and point out that the designation of guardianship of minors is in the legislation and judicature. The problems and deficiencies in the operation of legal affairs are put forward, and the corresponding legislative and judicial suggestions are put forward. Such as perfecting the specific operation flow of the minor's designated guardianship at the grass-roots level, making the minors' designated guardianship programmed from the aspects of establishment, revocation and alteration, and archiving and compiling the establishment of the minors' designated guardianship, The guardianship authority of the minor's appointed guardian is legalized in writing, and so on. Finally, the author puts forward some thoughts and suggestions on the system of minors' designated guardianship.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.183

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