柯尔克孜族婚姻继承习惯法与国家法的调适

发布时间：2019-03-31 01:05

【摘要】：柯尔克孜族生活在我国新疆维吾尔自治区西北的一个古老的民族,数千年来的历史发展过程中柯尔克孜族的婚姻继承习惯法慢慢形成。柯尔克孜族的习惯法在本民族长期的社会生活中代代相传,对本民族有比较强的效力,这种效力在本民族中无异于一种特殊的法律。古老的习惯早已渗透柯尔克孜族的生活里,在本民族的社会生活中所产生的纠纷都依照习惯法来解决,习惯法在本民族的心里很重要。虽然《中华人民共和国婚姻法》与《中华人民共和国继承法》颁行以后,本民族所在地区广泛适用以及大面积的普及,可是由于柯尔克孜族所生活的环境、地域和落后的经济文化等问题的原因,柯尔克孜族婚姻继承习惯法中的有些习惯法跟我国制定法的基本原则以及具体的规定相冲突,使得国家法没能得到全面落实,国家法律在柯尔克孜族所在地区广泛适用受到困扰。因此研究柯尔克孜族习惯法与国家制定法之间相冲突的原因以及两者之间的调适,发掘柯尔克孜族的法律文化以及发展本民族的法律文化,具有十分重要的意义。文章的正文分为四个部分:第一部分是少数民族习惯法概述,主要介绍了少数民族习惯法的概念、特征,少数民族习惯法的价值功能及其与国家法之间的关联,为文章展开论证奠定理论基础;第二部分是柯尔克孜族婚姻家庭习惯法的相关问题。介绍了柯尔克孜族婚姻家庭习惯法中有代表性的婚约、结婚、离婚、再婚制度的内容,指出柯尔克孜族的婚约、结婚、离婚和再婚等制度,与国家法之间均存在着不同程度的冲突,而二者发生冲突的原因涉及到柯尔克孜族习惯法的历史渊源和文化背景、效力观念差别和运行机制的差别等多方面;第三部分是柯尔克孜族继承习惯法的相关问题。介绍了柯尔克孜族继承习惯法中“安奇制”、幼子继承制的内容,指出这些继承习惯法与国家法之间也存在着冲突;第四部分是柯尔克孜族婚姻继承习惯和国家法之间调适。论证了两者之间进行调适的必要性、可行性以及调适的总体思路;提出应该坚持国家法优先、传统文化与现代法治相结合、法律的统一性与变通性相结合等基本原则;调试的途径是:对柯尔克孜习惯法进行认真的梳理甄别、发挥现代文化和法治文化的引领示范作用,加强法治宣传,提高柯尔克孜族群众的法治观念和对国家法的认同。
[Abstract]:Kirgiz is an ancient ethnic group living in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region in China. In the course of thousands of years' historical development, Kirgiz's customary law of marriage inheritance is gradually formed. The customary law of Kirgiz has been passed down from generation to generation in their long-term social life and has a strong effect on their own nation. This effect is no different from a special law in their own nation. The ancient customs have long permeated the life of Kirgiz, and the disputes arising in the social life of this nation are settled according to customary law, which is very important in the heart of the people. Although after the promulgation of the Marriage Law of the people's Republic of China and the succession Law of the people's Republic of China, the region of the people's Republic of China has been widely applied and widely spread, but because of the environment in which the Kirgiz people live, As a result of geographical and backward economic and cultural problems, some of the customary laws in Kirgiz's customary law of matrimonial succession conflict with the basic principles and specific provisions of China's formulation of law, which makes the national law not fully implemented. The extensive application of national laws in Kirgiz areas has been beset. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the causes of the conflict between Kirgiz customary law and state-made law and the adjustment between them, to explore the legal culture of Kirgiz and to develop the legal culture of their own nation. The main body of this article is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of ethnic minority customary law, which mainly introduces the concept and characteristics of minority customary law, the value function of minority customary law and its relationship with national law. To lay a theoretical foundation for the demonstration of the article; The second part is the related problems of Kirgiz marriage and family customary law. This paper introduces the representative marriage contract, marriage, divorce and remarriage system in Kirgiz marriage and family customary law, and points out the Kirgiz marriage contract, marriage, divorce and remarriage system, etc. There are conflicts between the two laws in different degrees, and the causes of the two conflicts are related to the historical origin and cultural background of Kirgiz customary law, the difference of the concept of effectiveness and the difference of the operating mechanism, etc. The reasons of the conflict are related to the historical origin and cultural background of Kirgiz customary law. The third part is the related problems of Kirgiz succession customary law. This paper introduces the contents of "Anqi system" and "Young Child inheritance" in Kirgiz's customary inheritance law, and points out that there are conflicts between these inherited customary laws and national law, and the fourth part is the adjustment between Kirgiz's marriage inheritance habits and national law. This paper demonstrates the necessity, feasibility and general idea of adjustment between the two, and puts forward some basic principles, such as the priority of national law, the combination of traditional culture and modern rule of law, the combination of unity and flexibility of law, and so on. The ways of debugging are: carefully sorting out and screening Kirgiz customary law, giving full play to the leading and exemplary role of modern culture and the culture of rule of law, strengthening the propaganda of the rule of law, and improving the concept of rule of law among the Kirgiz people and the recognition of the law of the state.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.4;D923.9

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