我国离婚财产分割中的妇女权益保护研究

发布时间：2019-04-01 16:12

【摘要】：随着我国经济和社会的快速发展,人们的观念亦在不断地转变。人们的婚恋观因经济的增长和社会的开化而越变复杂。自2004年以来,我国离婚率持续高升,离婚妇女人数不断地增加。虽然,目前我国妇女地位有了较大的提高,但从整体上来看,妇女仍是处于弱势地位,因此,在离婚财产分割中,为达到实质平等,应当充分考虑到妇女的弱势地位,给予充分的保护,但是实际情况却是让人付之一叹。故而,本文从立法和司法两个层面入手,分析问题的症结,并考察域外法之规定,提出相关建议。本文第一部分,介绍目前离婚妇女在离婚财产分割中权益保护的现状,在立法层面,我国《婚姻法》规定了在离婚财产分割中规定了保护妇女利益的原则和离婚救济制度,但是对于妇女权益的保护并没有起到太多实质性的作用。此外,在司法实践层面,本文通过搜集案例的方式,总结目前在司法实践中的现状,并根据现状总结归纳出所存在的问题。本文第二部分,在第一部分的基础之上,深度分析导致我国在离婚妇女财产分割权益保护不力的原因。在立法方面,夫妻共同财产规定不合理,离婚财产分割原则过于形式化,离婚救济制度欠缺可操作性,都存在着不合理之处,亟需做出调整。在司法实践中,举证责任的模糊适用以及立法规定的局限性,这使得在保护离婚妇女财产权益问题上捉襟见肘。本文第三部分,域外法的借鉴和引用亦是完善本国法律制度的一种方法,在考察域外法相关制度的基础之上,取人之所长,完善我国离婚财产分割的法律制度。本文第四部分,依据前三部分的介绍、总结和分析,针对我国现有之不足,提出完善性建议,以保护离婚妇女在财产分割中的权益保护。主要措施有通过增加人力资本评估和补偿制度以及建立财产公证制度来完善我国夫妻共同财产制度;以公平原则替代均等原则,明晰照顾原则、补偿原则、赔偿原则和帮助原则的适用规定的方式来完善我国的离婚财产分割制度。最后,通过完善离婚妇女在离婚财产分割制度中的举证责任制度来保障其财产权益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and society, people's ideas are constantly changing. People's outlook on marriage and love is becoming more and more complicated by the economic growth and the civilization of society. Since 2004, the divorce rate has been rising and the number of divorced women has been increasing. Although, at present, the status of women in our country has been greatly improved, on the whole, women are still in a vulnerable position, and therefore, in order to achieve substantive equality in the division of divorced property, full consideration should be given to the disadvantaged status of women, To give adequate protection, but the actual situation is one of the people to sigh. Therefore, this article starts from the legislative and judicial aspects, analyzes the crux of the problem, and examines the provisions of extraterritorial law, and puts forward relevant suggestions. The first part of this paper introduces the current situation of the protection of the rights and interests of divorced women in the division of divorce property. At the legislative level, the Marriage Law of our country stipulates the principle of protecting the interests of women and the system of divorce relief in the division of divorce property. However, the protection of women's rights and interests has not played a substantial role. In addition, in the aspect of judicial practice, this paper summarizes the current situation of judicial practice by collecting cases, and sums up the existing problems according to the present situation. The second part of this paper, on the basis of the first part, in-depth analysis of the reasons leading to the lack of protection of property division rights and interests of divorced women in China. In the aspect of legislation, the regulation of husband and wife's common property is unreasonable, the principle of division of divorce property is too formalized, and the system of divorce relief is lack of maneuverability, all of which are unreasonable and need to be adjusted urgently. In judicial practice, the vague application of the burden of proof and the limitation of legislation make it difficult to protect the property rights and interests of divorced women. The third part of this paper, the reference and reference of extraterritorial law is also a method to perfect the domestic legal system, on the basis of examining the relevant system of extraterritorial law, taking the advantages of people and perfecting the legal system of the division of divorce property in our country. The fourth part of this paper, according to the introduction, summary and analysis of the first three parts, puts forward perfect suggestions to protect the rights and interests of divorced women in the division of property. The main measures are to improve the joint property system of husband and wife by increasing the human capital evaluation and compensation system and establishing the property notarization system. In order to perfect the divorce property division system of our country, we should replace the principle of equality with the principle of fairness, clarify the principle of care, the principle of compensation, the principle of compensation and the applicable provisions of the principle of help. Finally, by perfecting the burden of proof system of divorce women in the divorce property division system to protect their property rights and interests.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.9

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