老年人精神赡养利益的立法保护

发布时间：2019-07-03 12:45

【摘要】：老年人作为特殊群体,在当前形势下,我们不仅要关注他们的物质赡养利益,更要注重他们在精神赡养方面的需求。2013年,立法者将“常回家看看”这一内容写入《老年人权益保障法修正案》中,突显了当前我国各界对老年人精神赡养利益的重视达到了一定的高度。然而,我们也不难看出,这一更倾向于倡导意义的条款要真正发挥其应有的效用还有待对其进一步的研究和完善,使其建立起一套权责对应的体系,从而令老年人的精神赡养利益得到真正的落实与保护。有鉴于此,笔者首先运用举例论证的方法,通过两个案例反观了当前我国老年人精神赡养方面的现实状况,并指出其存在的法律问题。其次,笔者借鉴了归纳分析法以及对比分析法,从老年人精神赡养存在的现实基础与理论基础两方面,进一步论证了精神赡养利益存在有其自身的现实意义,而且该利益具有时空上的传承性,具有深厚的理论基础。再次,笔者用演绎分析法对精神赡养的权利属性进行分析,通过一系列论证,得出精神赡养应当是具有法定权利和道德权利双重属性、兼具人格利益的亲属身份权。最后,笔者对精神赡养利益的完善提出了立法构想,从立法内容、健全相关规定以及侵权责任三方面提出了立法建议。对老年人精神赡养利益的立法保护初探,希望为保障老年人的权益添砖加瓦。
[Abstract]:As a special group, under the current situation, we should not only pay attention to their material support interests, but also pay attention to their needs in spiritual support. In 2013, the legislator wrote the content of "often go home to see" in the Amendment to the Law on the Protection of the Rights and interests of the elderly, highlighting the importance attached to the spiritual support interests of the elderly in all walks of life in our country. However, it is not difficult to see that this clause, which is more inclined to advocate significance, needs to be further studied and improved in order to give full play to its due effect, so that it can establish a set of corresponding system of rights and responsibilities, so that the spiritual support interests of the elderly can be truly implemented and protected. In view of this, the author first uses the method of example demonstration, through two cases to look back on the current situation of spiritual support for the elderly in China, and points out the existing legal problems. Secondly, the author draws lessons from inductive analysis and comparative analysis, and further demonstrates that the existence of spiritual support interest has its own practical significance from two aspects of the realistic and theoretical basis of the existence of spiritual support for the elderly, and that the interest has the inheritance of time and space and has a profound theoretical basis. Thirdly, the author uses deductive analysis method to analyze the right attribute of spiritual support, and through a series of argumentation, it is concluded that spiritual support should be a kinship identity right with both legal and moral rights and personality interests. Finally, the author puts forward the legislative conception for the perfection of spiritual support interests, and puts forward some legislative suggestions from three aspects: legislative content, sound relevant provisions and tort liability. A preliminary study on the legislative protection of the spiritual support interests of the elderly, hoping to contribute to the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923;D923.8

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