我国农村留守儿童委托监护制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 06:20

本文关键词： 委托监护留守儿童监护监督责任承担权利义务　出处：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的日益发展,大量的农村务工人员涌入城市,他们的子女由于社会经济等各方面的原因不得不留在家乡农村,从而形成了中国所特有的一个广大群体:农村留守儿童。他们被迫留守,亲情的缺失,监护的不到位,产生了一系列的问题,本文从留守儿童现实状况出发,由于大部分留守儿童被父母暂时委托给亲朋照顾看管,从而形成事实上的委托监护。而我国对留守儿童的委托监护制度的规定只是很笼统的法律规定,很多细节的规定缺失,有些规定存在问题,所以本文讨论的重点问题就是对农村留守儿童委托监护制度的研究,以期望完善该制度能最大发挥该制度的作用,从而更好的保障我国农村留守儿童的合法权益。本文共有五部分,第一部分是从留守儿童委托监护的概念;委托监护的性质;与相近法律概念的区别几个角度来进行分析。第二部分是从我国农村留守儿童委托监护制度的设立的角度来分析的,包括农村留守儿童委托监护设置的条件限制;受托人的选任和委托监护合同的相关内容。最后分析在委托监护制度的设立中实践和立法的不足,主要是没有明确受托人的资格;没有明确监护人与受托人之间权利义务以及没有设置有效的监护监督机制。第三部分是着重分析我国农村留守儿童委托监护制度中的监护职责相关内容,包括监护职责的内容;监护职责划分的依据主要是监护职责的可转移性;委托人和受托人监护职责的划分及承担。最后是分析委托监护职责存在的问题,笔者认为主要是对监护人可委托的监护职责范围规定不可取。第四部分是分析农村留守儿童委托监护制度的民事责任承担的相关内容,包括监护人的监护责任在委托监护下不会发生转移;民事责任承担的具体情形。最后分析存在的问题,主要是委托监护下被监护人致人损害时的责任承担规定有歧义。第五部分就是针对第以上部分的问题提出一些合理化的建议,包括明确受托人资格;明确双方的权利义务关系;明确可委托的监护职责的范围;完善监督体系在留守儿童问题上需要国家和社会承担自身相应责任。以期望完善农村留守儿童委托监护制度,有效的解决司法纠纷,更好的保障我国农村留守儿童的合法权益。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, a large number of rural migrant workers pour into the city, their children have to stay in the rural areas because of social and economic reasons. Thus forming a unique vast group in China: rural left-behind children, they are forced to stay behind, the lack of family affection, not in place of guardianship, has produced a series of problems, this article starts from the reality of left-behind children. As most of the left-behind children are temporarily entrusted by their parents to the care of relatives and friends, thus forming a de facto entrusted guardianship. But the provisions of the entrusted guardianship system of left-behind children in our country are only very general legal provisions. Many details of the lack of provisions, some provisions there are problems, so the focus of this discussion is the study of the entrusted guardianship system of rural left-behind children, in order to improve the system can maximize the role of the system. In order to better protect the legal rights and interests of rural left-behind children in China. This paper has five parts, the first part is from the concept of entrusted guardianship of left-behind children; The nature of entrusted guardianship; The second part is from the perspective of the establishment of the entrusted guardianship system of rural left-behind children in China. Including the conditions of entrusted guardianship of children left behind in rural areas; The selection of trustees and the relevant contents of the entrustment guardianship contract. Finally, it analyzes the deficiency of the practice and legislation in the establishment of the entrustment guardianship system, mainly because there is no clear qualification of the trustee; There is no clear rights and obligations between guardians and trustees and there is no effective guardianship supervision mechanism. The third part focuses on the analysis of guardianship duties related to the entrusted guardianship system of rural left-behind children in China. Including the content of guardianship duty; The basis for the division of guardianship duties is mainly the transferability of guardianship duties; Finally, it analyzes the problems existing in the entrusted guardianship duty. The author thinks that it is not advisable to stipulate the scope of guardianship duties which can be entrusted by guardians. Part 4th is the analysis of the relevant contents of the civil liability of the entrusted guardianship system of rural left-behind children. Including guardian's guardianship responsibility will not be transferred under entrusted guardianship; The specific situation of civil liability. Finally, the existing problems are analyzed. The main reason is that there are some ambiguities in the provisions of the liability for damage caused by the guardian under the entrusted guardianship. Part 5th is to put forward some reasonable suggestions for the above part, including defining the qualifications of the trustee; Clarify the relationship between rights and obligations of both sides; To define the scope of guardianship duties that can be entrusted to; Improving the supervision system in the problem of left-behind children needs the state and society to bear their own corresponding responsibilities in order to improve the entrusted guardianship system of rural left-behind children and effectively resolve judicial disputes. Better protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural left-behind children.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.5

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