西方近代民法伦理探源

发布时间：2018-01-28 04:45

本文关键词： 民法自治自然法自由主义市场经济伦理　出处：《长春工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文对近代民法的自治原则的理论渊源进行了研究。民法的作用在于调整市民生活社会关系,启蒙运动的内涵在民法的价值理念和基本原则中得到体现,民法在自身的价值体系方面从启蒙思想的精髓中吸取了关于道德合理性的根据。近代民法的私法自治原则着眼于自由平等和个人主义,启蒙思想正是私法自治原则精髓的来源。民法理论普遍认为近代民法的四大原则人格平等与独立、所有权绝对、契约自由和过失责任是基于私法自治原则产生的。实证法并不是近代民法四大原则的根源,与其相似的思想在古代法中可以找到,并没有达到能够引领近代法原则的高度,近代法原则的学理依据和道德依据都是来源启蒙思想。自然法和自然权利学说、自由主义的政治伦理和经济伦理分别从哲学、政治学和经济学的角度阐释了自由、平等和人权的概念和内涵,在立法中得到了体现,使民法得到了进一步的发展。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the theoretical origin of the autonomy principle of modern civil law. The function of civil law is to adjust the social relations of citizens' life. The connotation of Enlightenment is embodied in the value concept and basic principles of civil law. In the aspect of its own value system, civil law draws the basis of moral rationality from the essence of enlightenment thought. The autonomy principle of private law of modern civil law focuses on freedom, equality and individualism. The enlightenment thought is the source of the essence of the principle of autonomy of private law. The theory of civil law generally holds that the four principles of modern civil law are equal and independent in personality and absolute ownership. Freedom of contract and liability for negligence are based on the principle of autonomy of private law. Positive law is not the root of the four principles of modern civil law, and similar ideas can be found in ancient law. The theoretical basis and moral basis of the modern legal principles are the source of enlightenment thought, natural law and natural rights theory. The political ethics and economic ethics of liberalism have explained the concept and connotation of freedom, equality and human rights from the angles of philosophy, politics and economics respectively, and have been embodied in the legislation. Civil law has been further developed.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D913

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