给学校减负还是令监护人担责——年龄下调背景下的学生伤害事故分析

发布时间：2018-03-01 22:10

本文关键词： 学生伤害事故年龄下调学校责任监护人　出处：《中国教育学刊》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：学生伤害事故是以民事行为能力为标准进行归责的,学校责任受其影响,监护人责任亦是如此。学校责任经历了从"有限适用过错责任"到"区别适用过错推定责任"的演变,而监护人责任也历经了从"绝对适用无过错责任"到"区分适用公平责任"的变化。对于学生直接遭受学校侵害以及校内第三人的人身伤害来说,年龄下调虽减轻了学校的举证责任,却加重了监护人的举证负担;对于学生致人损害而言,年龄下调虽未影响学校责任,却显著加重了监护人责任;对于学生遭受校外第三人的人身伤害而论,年龄下调无论是对学校责任还是监护人责任,均无实质影响。为此,学校应做好安全保障工作,并将办学活动纳入责任保险范围;而监护人则应善尽监护职责,并提高证据收集的意识和能力。
[Abstract]:The student injury accident is imputed according to the standard of civil capacity, the school responsibility is affected by it, so is the guardian responsibility. The school responsibility has evolved from "limited applicable fault liability" to "distinguishing the application of presumption of fault liability". The responsibility of guardian has also gone through the change from "absolute application of no-fault liability" to "differentiated application of fair liability". Although the downward adjustment of age lightens the burden of proof in schools, it increases the burden of proof of guardians; for students, although it does not affect the responsibility of schools, it significantly increases the burden of guardians; As for students who suffer personal injury from the third person outside school, the downward adjustment of age has no substantial effect on school responsibility or guardian responsibility. Therefore, the school should do a good job of safety and security, and bring school running activities into the scope of liability insurance; The guardian should do his duty of guardianship and improve the consciousness and ability of evidence collection.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学教育学院;
【分类号】：D923

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