论商标共存法律制度
发布时间:2018-03-19 08:39
本文选题:商标共存 切入点:混淆性侵权认定标准 出处:《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:商标共存是指不同权利主体将相同或相似商标在相同或相似的商品或服务上善意注册或使用,不致使相关公众有混淆误认的可能性,且不违反法律规定的情形。在商品经济日益发达的今天,大部分外国国家对商标共存适用活跃,我国对商标共存的态度也经历了从完全不承认到仅承认商标先用权一种情形的转变,但是仍然无法满足司法实践和现实生活对法律依据和公平正义的需求。本文大量运用案例研究、比较研究等方法,主要解决了两大问题:一是产生于不同法律背景的美国之商标共存制度为什么可以在中国适用;二是商标怎样才能共存以及怎么更好地共存。 第一章除了阐述商标共存的概念、分类等要素外,重点从正反面、主客观方面探讨了商标共存的合情合理性。商标共存既是商标本身识别功能、商标私权性等的反推结果,,又源于商标资源稀缺性和人类思维的相似性、商业成功规则和商标注册程序等因素。既与《商标法》确定的混淆性侵权认定标准保持高度统一,也与诚实信用原则、侵权一般归责原则的精神内核相契合。虽然当前商标合法共存存在一些制度和观念上的障碍,如注册商标应予绝对保护,近似即侵权,社会公共利益论,但也不能因噎废食,应加以克服。 第二章主要明确商标共存适用界限、条件和主要具体情形。商标共存如果适用不当,可能造成消费者混淆或权利人之间不正当竞争等的后果。因此,共存的两个商标除存在两个权利人外,必须满足权利人善意和不会造成混淆两个要件,尤其是不混淆要件要通过商标的显著性、主观意图、实际使用等多维因素认定。除此以外,商标共存还要受特殊行业和商品、共存后应规范使用、必要时附加区别性标记的限制。商标共存不仅适用于商标先用权,还应适用于商标共存协议、商标审查机关疏忽等情形。其中商标共存协议的效力不仅应得到承认,相关部门也要对规范地签订商标公布协议予以宣传引导。 第三章针对我国立法和司法现状提出建设商标共存制度的建议。当前立法并不能满足实践需要,且修正的商标侵权认定标准实际上与混淆性核心精神也有出入,法律专业人士仍存在近似即侵权的认识残余,法院判决差异较大。要建立完善的商标共存制度以及更好地适用该制度,需要各部门的协调。例如立法部门应纠正当前的混淆性侵权认定标准的偏差,明确规定商标共存适用的条件和情形,建设包括区别性标记、撤销权制度在内的商标共存配套制度;司法和执法部门应统一对近似商标的认识,加强对商标共存协议的引导和规范。
[Abstract]:The coexistence of trademarks refers to the registration or use of the same or similar trademarks on the same or similar goods or services by different rights subjects in good faith, so as not to cause the relevant public to be confused and mistaken. And it does not violate the provisions of the law. Today, when the commodity economy is increasingly developed, most foreign countries are active in the coexistence and application of trademarks. China's attitude towards trademark coexistence has also undergone a change from total non-recognition to recognition of trademark prior use rights. However, it is still unable to meet the needs of judicial practice and real life for legal basis and fairness and justice. In this paper, a large number of case studies, comparative studies, and other methods are used. Two major problems have been solved: one is why the trademark coexistence system in the United States which originated from different legal backgrounds can be applied in China; the other is how the trademark can coexist and how to coexist better. The first chapter not only elaborates the concept and classification of trademark coexistence, but also discusses the rationality and rationality of trademark coexistence from positive and negative aspects, subjective and objective aspects. Trademark coexistence is not only the function of trademark itself identification, but also the result of trademark private right. It also stems from the scarcity of trademark resources and the similarity of human thinking, the rules of commercial success and the procedure of trademark registration. It maintains a high degree of unity with the criteria for the identification of confusion infringement established by the Trademark Law, and also with the principle of good faith. Although there are some institutional and conceptual obstacles to the legal coexistence of trademarks, such as the absolute protection of registered trademarks, which is similar to infringement, and the theory of social and public interests, we should not stop eating because of the fact that the trademark is legally co-existing with each other. It should be overcome. The second chapter mainly clarifies the limits, conditions and main specific circumstances of trademark coexistence. If trademark coexistence is not applied properly, it may lead to confusion among consumers or unfair competition between the right holders and so on. In addition to the existence of two rights holders, the coexistence of the two trademarks must satisfy the two elements of the obligee's goodwill and not cause confusion, especially that the non-obfuscation elements should be achieved through the trademark's salience and subjective intention. In addition, the coexistence of trademarks is subject to special industries and commodities, which should be standardized and, if necessary, subject to the restrictions of distinguishing marks. The coexistence of trademarks not only applies to the right of trademark prior use, It should also be applied to the coexistence agreement of trademark, the negligence of trademark examination authority, and so on, in which the validity of trademark coexistence agreement should not only be recognized, but also the relevant departments should publicize and guide the signing of trademark publication agreement. The third chapter puts forward some suggestions on the establishment of trademark coexistence system in view of the current situation of legislation and judicature in China. The current legislation cannot meet the needs of practice, and the revised standards of trademark infringement are actually different from the core spirit of confusion. Legal professionals still have the vestiges of the knowledge of similar infringement, and the court decisions differ greatly. To establish a perfect trademark coexistence system and to better apply the system, For example, the legislature should correct the deviation of the current standards for the identification of confused infringement, clearly define the conditions and circumstances applicable to the coexistence of trademarks, and build, including distinguishing marks, The judicial and law enforcement departments should unify the understanding of the similar trademark and strengthen the guidance and standardization of the trademark coexistence agreement.
【学位授予单位】:华东政法大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:D923.43
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 张乔;商标混淆辩析(下)[J];中华商标;2004年12期
2 史新章;;美国商标审查中的同意协议制度[J];中华商标;2009年12期
3 陈娅倩;;共存协议框架下的商标共存机制[J];中华商标;2012年04期
4 梅术文;王超政;;商标共存理论探析[J];重庆理工大学学报(社会科学);2010年03期
5 刘维;;我国商标侵权的法律构造研究——以混淆可能性为中心[J];研究生法学;2010年05期
6 薛洁;;商标共存制度初探[J];电子知识产权;2010年08期
7 王莲峰;;论对善意在先使用商标的保护——以“杜家鸡”商标侵权案为视角[J];法学;2011年12期
8 李国庆;;“好太太”案的法律思考[J];法制与经济(下半月);2007年07期
9 黄淳;;论商标共存的合目的性[J];中华商标;2012年07期
10 邓宏光;;《商标法》亟需解决的实体问题:从“符号保护”到“防止混淆”[J];学术论坛;2007年11期
本文编号:1633499
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/minfalunwen/1633499.html