论我国祭奠权法定化

发布时间：2018-03-19 09:03

本文选题：祭奠权　切入点：类型研究　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着人们法制意识的逐步提高,越来越多新型权利受到社会的关注。诸如:“贞操权”、“亲吻权”、“采光权”、“个人信息权”等等新型权利受到很多专家学者的青睐,纷纷被要求予以立法保护。笔者认为,一个新型权利的法定化,一方面是需要其自身具有法律价值和意义,另一方面是基于当前法律体制欠缺不足以保护决定的,而不能仅仅因为“新潮”和个别人的鼓吹而盲目陷入“权利泛化”的怪圈。当然对于某些问题,法律也需要予以进一步完善,比如:祭奠权问题。自首例祭奠权案件在北京宣判后,越来越多不同类型的案件诉诸与各地法院。但是由于我们目前并无此方面的立法,各地法院在审判时无法可依,很多案件的评判标准仅仅是法律原则和传统习俗,导致司法实践中此类案件裁判不一,甚至是矛盾重重。因此,笔者认为,对于这种密切联系人们生活并存在重大影响的新型案件,是很有探讨研究的意义。本文在结构上主要由四个部分组成:第一部分是祭奠权的涵义,从如何对祭奠权进行界定入手。首先通过对我国祭奠历史的研究,找出祭奠习俗之所以在我国长期存在的原因,从而能够更好的判断对祭奠权是否保护。然后文章从汉语词义、法律概念的特性等方面对祭奠权进行全面界定,找出民法对祭奠权予以调整保护的原因。第二部分是以类型化研究方法分析祭奠利益的侵害与损害。通过近几年典型实例,研究找出目前我国祭奠权实现中存在的问题,针对各级法院解决祭奠权纠纷案的做法进行总结(成功的做法和不足的地方)。第三部分论证我国祭奠权法定化的必要性与可行性。本部分通过对祭奠权的必要性与可行性研究,再一次从理论上论证我国祭奠权确权的重要意义,也为第四章论祭奠权的侵权认定与责任承担提供理论基础。第四部分是对祭奠权侵权认定与责任承担的初步探究。祭奠权目前在我国还是一个没有法定化的概念,如何保护,现实中法官如何裁决依然是一个未有效解决的命题。本部分针对祭奠权侵权行为的界定,对其侵权行为类型化归纳,为目前法如何律对祭奠利益保护提供导向。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual improvement of people's awareness of legal system, more and more new rights have attracted the attention of the society, such as "right to chastity", "right to kiss", "right to light", "right to personal information" and so on, which are favored by many experts and scholars. In my opinion, the legalization of a new type of right requires its own legal value and significance, on the other hand, because the current legal system is not sufficient to protect the decision. We should not blindly fall into the circle of "generalization of rights" simply because of "new trends" and individual advocacy. Of course, for certain issues, the law also needs to be further improved. For example, the issue of the right to sacrifice. Since the first case of the right to sacrifice was pronounced in Beijing, more and more different types of cases have been appealed to local courts. However, because we do not have legislation in this area at present, local courts are unable to follow in their trials. Many cases are judged only by legal principles and traditional customs, which lead to different or even conflicting judgments in judicial practice. For this new type of case, which is closely related to people's life and has a significant impact, it is of great significance to explore and study. This paper is composed of four parts in structure: the first part is the meaning of the right to sacrifice. From how to define the right to sacrifice. First of all, through the study of the history of memorial service in China, find out the reason why the custom exists in our country for a long time, so as to be able to better judge whether to protect the right to sacrifice. Then the article from the Chinese word meaning, The characteristics of legal concepts and other aspects of the comprehensive definition of the right to sacrifice, to find out the civil law to adjust the protection of the right to sacrifice reasons. The research finds out the problems existing in the realization of the right to sacrifice in China. The third part demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of the legalization of the right to sacrifice in our country. In this part, the necessity and feasibility of the right to sacrifice is studied through the study of the necessity and feasibility of the right to sacrifice. Once again, theoretically demonstrating the important significance of the right of affirmation of the right to sacrifice in our country. It also provides a theoretical basis for Chapter 4th on the tort of the right to sacrifice and the assumption of liability. Part 4th is a preliminary study of the tort of the right to sacrifice and the assumption of responsibility. At present, the right of memorial service is still a concept of no legalization in our country, and how to protect it. In reality, how to rule is still an unsolved proposition. This part is based on the definition of the tort of the right to sacrifice, and induces the types of the tort, which provides guidance for the current law on the protection of the interests of the memorial service.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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