商标侵权案件中近似商标和类似商品的认定研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 14:28

本文选题：商标侵权　切入点：混淆可能性　出处：《中国政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近似商标和类似商品的认定是商标侵权理论和实务中的两大难点。关于商标侵权行为的判定标准,我国以往的商标立法采用“双相似”标准,而学者们则从商标法的立法目的和商标的功能性出发,认为当采“混淆可能性”标准。判定标准的不一致给我国司法审判增加了困难。实务中,法院往往将上述两种标准予以融合,实际采用“混淆性近似”标准。然而,该标准在适用中却陷入逻辑循环的困境。本文将从商标侵权行为的判定标准入手,着重梳理三对概念间的逻辑关系:混淆可能性与商标近似的关系、混淆可能性与商品类似的关系以及商标近似和商品类似的关系。通过对上述关系的界定,厘清“双相似”在商标侵权行为判定中的作用以及认定标准。在研究方法上,本文主要采用比较法和实证研究法。对同一法律问题,结合我国大陆、台湾地区、美国和欧盟等主要国家和地区的立法与司法实践,进行综合比较并分析。此外,本文在比较法研究中还检索并引用了诸多国内外经典案例。在实证研究中,本文分别检索了适用新法判决的商标侵权案件以及法院在商标确权案件中对《类似商品和服务区分表》的突破情况。本文正文共分为四章。第一章是商标侵权行为的基本理论,从商标的功能着手,探讨侵权行为的本质——对商标功能性的破坏。同时,该章研究了商标侵权行为的核心构成要件:商标性使用行为以及混淆可能性。第二章探讨“双相似”在商标侵权行为判定中的作用。商标侵权行为的最终判定标准应当是混淆可能性。而“双相似”是判定混淆可能性的两大要素。第三章论述商标近似性的判定,主要是判定的规则以及方法。其中,针对实践中的难点——中英文商标的近似性判定,本文将通过两个案例加以讨论。第四章研究商品类似性的判定。从文本的历史与目的出发,认为我国《类似商品与服务区分表》在司法中应当处于“参考”地位,并以欧盟著名的“Canon”案为例,探讨商品类似性认定的主客观标准。最后以比较法的视角,总结出适用于司法实践的三项考虑要素。我国司法实践在商标侵权判定中还存在诸多不完善之处。本文厘清了相关概念间的逻辑关系并分别总结出认定混淆可能性、商标近似以及商品类似的考量因素,以期完善我国商标侵权的理论,并为我国司法实践提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:The identification of approximate trademark and similar goods is two difficult points in the theory and practice of trademark infringement. On the other hand, from the point of view of the legislative purpose of trademark law and the function of trademark, scholars think that when the criterion of "confusion possibility" is adopted, the inconsistency of judgment standard increases the difficulty of judicial trial in our country. The court often combines the above two standards and actually adopts the criterion of "confusion approximation". However, the standard is in the dilemma of logic circle in its application. This article will start with the judgment standard of trademark infringement. The logical relationship between the three pairs of concepts is emphatically combed: the relation between the possibility of confusion and the approximation of trademark, the relation between possibility of confusion and the similarity of goods, and the relation between the similarity of trademark and the similarity of commodity. To clarify the role of "double similarity" in the judgment of trademark infringement and its standard. In terms of research methods, this paper mainly adopts comparative method and empirical research method. On the same legal issue, combining with mainland China and Taiwan, The legislative and judicial practices of the United States and the European Union and other major countries and regions are comprehensively compared and analyzed. In addition, this paper also retrieves and quotes many domestic and foreign classic cases in the comparative law research. This paper retrieves the cases of trademark infringement decided by the new law and the breakthrough made by the court in the case of trademark confirmation right. The text of this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the basic theory of trademark infringement. Starting from the function of trademark, this paper discusses the nature of infringement-the destruction of trademark function. At the same time, This chapter studies the core elements of trademark infringement: trademark use behavior and confusion possibility. Chapter two discusses the role of "double similarity" in the judgment of trademark infringement. "double similarity" is the two main elements in judging the possibility of confusion. Chapter three discusses the judgment of trademark approximation. It is mainly about the rules and methods of judgment. Among them, in view of the difficulty in practice-determination of similarity between Chinese and English trademarks, this paper will discuss it through two cases. Chapter 4th studies the judgment of commodity similarity, starting from the history and purpose of the text, The author thinks that the similar goods and Services differentiation form in China should be "reference" in the judicature. Taking the famous "Canon" case of the European Union as an example, this paper discusses the subjective and objective criteria for the identification of commodity similarity. Finally, from the perspective of comparative law. This paper summarizes the three considerations applicable to judicial practice. There are still many imperfections in the judgment of trademark infringement in China's judicial practice. This paper clarifies the logical relationship between relevant concepts and summarizes the possibility of identifying confusion. In order to perfect the theory of trademark infringement and provide some reference for the judicial practice of our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.43

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