未成年人侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 05:31

本文选题：未成年人侵权责任　切入点：责任形态　出处：《西南政法大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以作为特殊侵权责任之一的未成年人侵权责任为探讨和研究对象，先从未成年人侵权责任的概述入手，分析了未成年人侵权责任的基本概念、性质和历史发展，接着选取笔者认为最值得研究的未成年人侵权责任的责任形态和归责原则两个方面作为重点论证内容，通过比较法的考察及对我国现行立法的评析。指出我国立法的不足及域外立法例的科学之处，进而主张应该借鉴先进的立法经验，完善我国的未成年人侵权责任立法。在论述中，本文采取了比较和逻辑分析及社会学分析的研究方法。全文共有四个部分：第—部分：未成年人侵权责任概述。在这一部分中，文章首先对未成年人侵权责任的概念进行了界定，指出本文所要探讨的未成年人侵权责任是指无民事行为能力和限制民事行为能力的未成年人因自己的行为造成他人损害而由自己或其监护人承担的责任。紧接着对未成年人侵权责任的性质进行了探讨，在梳理学界的不同观点的基础上，提出就我国《民法通则》的立法规定来看，应该把未成年人监护人对外承担责任的性质界定自己责任。本部分还描述了未成年人侵权责任的缘起和历史发展。通过对其历史发展的描述，指出了未成年人侵权责任立法的两个发展方向，即未成年人父母或监护人承担责任理论基础的变化和未成年人自己责任原则的确认。第二部分：未成年人侵权责任形态研究。该部分首先分析了侵权责任形态的概念，认为应该用这一工具来分析未成年人侵权责任。随后，对未成年人侵权责任形态的决定因素——未成年人的侵权责任能力进行介绍，，认为是否承认未成年人侵权责任能力是确定侵权责任形态的前提。随后，论文对未成年人侵权责任形态进行了比较法的考察，通过对域外立法例和我国现行立法的介绍和梳理，指出基于对特定范围的未成年人侵权责任能力的肯定，大陆法和英美法国家都确定了该侵权责任的多种责任形态，其中以德国和我国台湾民法典最为具体和科学，即在该侵权责任的形态上既有未成年人的单独责任、未成年监督义务人的单独责任，还包括未成年人和监督义务人的连带责任和未成年人的衡平责任。而我国现行立法基于未成年人侵权责任能力否认主义，只有监护人单独责任一种责任形态。第三部分：未成年人侵权责任归责原则研究。首先提出了归责原则的概念，紧接着指出由于未成年人侵权责任形态的复杂性，本部分主要研究
[Abstract]:This article takes the minor tort liability as one of the special tort liability as the research object, starts with the summary of the minor tort liability, analyzes the basic concept, the nature and the historical development of the minor tort liability. Then the author chooses the responsibility form and liability principle of minor tort liability, which is the most worthy to be studied, as the emphatic proof content. Through the investigation of comparative law and the analysis of the current legislation of our country, the author points out the deficiency of our legislation and the science of the extraterritorial legislation, and then advocates that we should learn from the advanced legislative experience. In this paper, the author adopts comparative, logical and sociological analysis methods. There are four parts in this paper:. In this part, the article defines the concept of tort liability of minors. It is pointed out that the liability of minor torts, which is discussed in this paper, refers to the liability of a minor who has no capacity for civil action and limits his capacity for civil conduct to be assumed by himself or his guardian because of the damage caused by his own act to others. This paper discusses the nature of tort liability of minors, On the basis of combing the different viewpoints of the academic circles, it is proposed that the legislative provisions of the General principles of Civil Law in China should be viewed. This part also describes the origin and historical development of juvenile tort liability. This paper points out two development directions of the legislation of minor's tort liability, that is, the change of the theoretical basis of the minor's parent or guardian's responsibility and the confirmation of the minor's own responsibility principle. The second part: the study on the form of tort liability of minors. This part first analyzes the concept of tort liability form, and thinks that we should use this tool to analyze the tort liability of minors. This paper introduces the decisive factor of the form of tort liability of minors-the ability of tort liability of minors, and thinks that whether or not to recognize the capacity of tort liability of minors is the premise of determining the form of tort liability. This paper makes a comparative study on the form of tort liability of minors, and points out that it is based on the affirmation of the capacity of tort liability of minors in a specific scope by introducing and combing the extraterritorial legislation and the current legislation of our country. Both the civil law and the Anglo-American law countries have determined the various liability forms of the tort liability, in which Germany and Taiwan Civil Code are the most specific and scientific, that is, the individual liability of minors exists in the form of tort liability. The individual liability of minor supervisory obligor also includes the joint and several liability of minor and supervision obligor and the equal liability of minor. Only a guardian alone is responsible for a form of responsibility. The third part: the research on the principle of liability attribution of minor tort liability. Firstly, the concept of liability imputation principle is put forward, and then it is pointed out that due to the complexity of the form of tort liability of minors, this part mainly studies
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D923

【引证文献】