雇员电子邮件隐私权民法保护研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 21:04

本文选题：隐私权　切入点：雇员　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于电子邮件本身便利、迅速、廉价及可大量存取的特点。电子邮件成为现代社会生活不可或缺的沟通工具。在商业领域中,电子邮件更是成为企业雇主和雇员之间、企业雇员和雇员之间、雇员和客户之间、雇主和客户之间进行有效沟通的桥梁。但是电子邮件的广泛使用也导致了相应法律问题。现实中,有些企业出于自身利益的具体考量,通过各种公开或较为隐蔽的手段对雇员使用电子邮件的情形予以监控。在企业中,基于雇主通常享有的强势地位,其对雇员使用电子邮件的情形进行监控不存在任何技术方面的问题。但是,企业在对雇员电子邮件的收发情形进行监控的过程中,也可能会监控到雇员的私人通信,雇员对这些私人邮件是有着隐私利益的,这就有侵害雇员隐私权之虞。因此,雇员在工作场所电子通讯方面的隐私利益的保护面临严峻挑战。关于雇员电子邮件隐私权的法律保护制度,美国和欧洲大陆法系国家各自发展了具有代表性的法律机制。但在我国,关于雇员电子邮件隐私权的保护相关立法尚不完善。所以,有必要加强对雇员电子邮件隐私权的法律保护。本文除引言和结语外,共分为四个部分。第一部分,概述雇员电子邮件隐私权。对可以作为雇员电子邮件隐私权保护基础的理论进行比较和归纳,主要观点有以下四种:第一,人格理论;第二,亲密关系理论;第三,独处权理论;第四,自我信息控制理论。然后对雇员电子邮件隐私权的概念进行界定,最后解构雇员电子邮件隐私权与雇主管理权的冲突。第二部分,从比较法角度介绍了美国和欧陆诸国保护雇员电子邮件隐私权益的立法情况。关于企业雇员隐私权进行保护的模式,欧美国家主要有如下两种:一种是美国模式,另一种是欧洲国家的保护模式。本部分主要对欧美国家的相关立法进行了详细介绍,并在此基础上从立法理念、立法规范、保障范围三个方面进行了比较分析。第三部分,立足于我国的隐私权立法和司法实践,对我国有关雇员电子邮件隐私权保护的法律规定进行了梳理,在此基础上反思了关于现行有关隐私保护规范的不足之处:第一,隐私权内涵不明确;第二,立法分散,内容不全;第三,权利配置不完善。第四部分,通过对国外立法经验的介绍和对我国隐私权保护立法与司法实践的分析,本部分提出了我国雇员电子邮件隐私权保护的制度设计。本文尝试借鉴欧盟个人信息保护提出的基本原则,在现有法律框架下提出解决雇员电子邮件隐私权保护问题的方案,对企业自律机制的企业电子邮件政策的基本内容提出了相关建议。本文认为,在没有立法明文规定保护雇员电子邮件隐私权的情况下,可以在司法实践中引入“合理的隐私期待原则”,解决因保护雇员电子邮件隐私权所产生的保护范围界定的难题。
[Abstract]:Because the e-mail itself is convenient, rapid, cheap and large access. Email has become an indispensable communication tool of modern social life. In the commercial domain, email is to become the enterprise between employers and employees, between employees and employees, between employees and customers, for the effective communication bridge between employers and clients. But widely used the e-mail has led to corresponding legal issues. In fact, the specific considerations for their own interests of some enterprises, through various public or more covert means to employees using electronic mail to monitor the situation. In the enterprise, employers often enjoys a strong position based on the monitoring of employees using email does not exist in any case the technical aspects of the problem. However, in the process of enterprise employees' e-mail monitoring situation in May To monitor the private communications of employees, employees have privacy interests of these private messages, which have infringed the right of employee privacy concerns. Therefore, the protection of employees in the workplace electronic communications privacy interests is facing serious challenges. The legal protection system of employee e-mail privacy, the United States and the European continental law countries the development of legal representative mechanism. But in our country, the protection of the relevant legislation about employees' e-mail privacy is still not perfect. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the legal protection of employees' e-mail privacy. Besides the introduction and conclusion, is divided into four parts. The first part, an overview of employee email privacy as an employee of right of privacy protection theory based email are compared and summarized, the main points are the following four types: first, theory of personality; second, close relationship theory; Third, alone right theory; fourth, self information control theory. Then the concept of employees'emails privacy definition, finally the deconstruction of conflicts of privacy and employer employee e-mail management right. The second part, from the perspective of comparative law introduces the legislation of the United States and European countries to protect the rights and interests of the employees' e-mail privacy on enterprise employee privacy. Right protection mode, Europe and the United States there are two main types: one is the American model, the other is a protection mode of European countries. This part mainly related to legislation in Europe and the United States is introduced in detail, and on this basis, from the legislative idea, legislative norms, the three aspects of the scope of protection are analyzed the third part, based on China's privacy legislation and judicial practice in our country on the protection of employees' e-mail privacy laws for carding, on this base On the basis of current reflect a lack of privacy protection standard points: first, the right of privacy content is not clear; second, decentralized legislation, incomplete content; third, the right configuration is not perfect. The fourth part, through the introduction of foreign legislative experience and analysis of the legislation and judicial practice of the right to privacy protection in our country, this part put forward the system design of the privacy protection of our employees' e-mail. This paper tries to learn the basic principles of the protection of personal information is proposed, under the existing legal framework to solve the problem of privacy protection of employees'emails case, the basic content of corporate e-mail policy on enterprise self-discipline mechanism were proposed. This paper argues that, in the absence of legislation expressly provided the protection of employee e-mail privacy case, the introduction of "reasonable expectation of privacy" principle in the judicial practice, because of the protection of employee power The problem of the definition of the scope of protection produced by the right of submail privacy.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】