网络诽谤问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 08:25

本文选题：表达自由 + 网络犯罪　；参考：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：网络具有去中心化、匿名与跨国界的特性,除了使网络成为时下热门的通讯传播媒体外,也成为孕育各种网络犯罪的温床。其中,网络诽谤的案件数量在近几年有大幅增长的趋势,网络空间中个人名誉与表达自由基本权冲突的页愈演愈烈。由于人们使用现代科技网络与他人沟通或发表个人意见,常常会不自觉触动法律,因此了解网络诽谤的认定有其实际意义。本文第一部分介绍了网络诽谤的概念和特点,区别于传统的诽谤行为;第二部分介绍了网络诽谤适用法律的问题,针对网络的特殊性,不宜采取过于先进或保守的法律,而是应该修正适用已有法律;第三部分介绍了网络诽谤所涉及的法益冲突,即言论自由与名誉权的冲突在网络时代愈演愈烈;第四部分介绍网络诽谤的法律责任,即民事侵权责任和刑事责任;第五部分是对网络诽谤行为的认定及归责,其中纯粹性言论,象征性言论、言论混合行为都为宪法所保护的言论,因此在网上发布上述言论不构成网络诽谤,对于单纯的点赞行为,难以推断其主观恶意,因此不应构成网络诽谤,对于转载和分享涉嫌诽谤的文章或链接时,是否构成网络诽谤要看其主观恶性,而公民的批评建议权则是宪法赋予公民的基本权利,对国家工作人员或公众人物即使做出有损其名誉的客观言论,也不构成网络诽谤。在责任归属上,无论是网络提供商(ISP)、网络内容服务商(ICP)、网络诽谤信息发布者或传播者适用过错原则,否则不承担法律责任;最后提出了建议,在处理网络诽谤案件是应考虑网络的特殊性,禁止策略性诉讼,保护公民的言论自由权,对名誉权的恢复,搜索引擎的排序也不失为一种好的方法。
[Abstract]:The network has the characteristics of decentralization, anonymity and cross-border. It not only makes the network become the popular communication media, but also becomes the breeding ground for all kinds of cybercrime.Among them, the number of online defamation cases has a large increase in recent years, in cyberspace, personal reputation and freedom of expression of the basic right to conflict pages intensified.Because people use modern technology network to communicate with others or express personal opinions, they often unconsciously touch the law, so it is of practical significance to understand the identification of network libel.The first part of this paper introduces the concept and characteristics of network libel, which is different from the traditional libel behavior. The second part introduces the application of the law of network libel, aiming at the particularity of the network, it is not appropriate to adopt the law that is too advanced or conservative.The third part introduces the conflicts of legal interests involved in online libel, that is, the conflict between freedom of speech and reputation rights is intensified in the network age, the fourth part introduces the legal liability of online defamation.The fifth part is the identification and imputation of the online libel, in which pure speech, symbolic speech and mixed speech are all protected by the Constitution.Therefore, publishing the above remarks on the Internet does not constitute online libel. It is difficult to infer the subjective malice of a simple act of likes, and therefore should not constitute Internet libel. When reprinting and sharing articles or links suspected of libel,Whether it constitutes internet libel depends on its subjective malignancy, and the citizen's right of criticism and suggestion is the basic right given by the Constitution. Even if the public figures or state functionaries make objective remarks which are harmful to their reputation, it does not constitute network libel.In terms of liability attribution, whether it is ISPU, Internet content service provider or ICPU, the Internet slander information publisher or disseminator applies the principle of fault, otherwise, it will not bear legal liability. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions.In dealing with network libel cases, we should consider the particularity of the network, prohibit strategic litigation, protect citizens' right to freedom of speech, restore the right to reputation, and rank search engines as a good method.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】