论我国被遗忘权制度构建的立法逻辑

发布时间：2018-04-11 08:27

本文选题：大数据时代 + 被遗忘权　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大数据时代的到来使每一个人的私人空间都不再是绝对封闭的,我们将个人信息遗留在网络中,当你重新进入网络空间时,数据的痕迹依旧存在,会时刻闯入搜索者或者偶然的信息获取者的视线,告诉他们曾经发生的种种关乎你个人的“隐私”亦或其他的个人信息。也就是说,从数据上传到网络的那一刻开始,当事人已经失去“反悔权”或者“撤回权”等类似权利了,或者说,类似权利根本就不存在于该种情形中。针对这一状况,欧盟法院确立了一项新型权利——被遗忘权,规定数据主体有权要求数据控制者永久删除有关数据主体的个人数据,除非数据的保留有合法的理由。美国的“橡皮擦”法案亦确立了有限的被遗忘权,其要求各社交媒介允许未成年人擦除自己的上网痕迹。这一权利在国外的确立为互联网时代中个人信息的保护提供了相对明确、具体的救济依据,即使仍然存在诸多问题。我国现行立法尚未确立这一权利,对网络环境中个人隐私权和信息权的保护主要依据侵权责任法中“网络侵权”条款进行救济,但并不完备。《中华人民共和国民法总则》即将实施,其规定了对个人信息权的保护,体现了我国法律政策的导向。一项权利制度在本国法律体系中的确立需要有力的法理依据和实践应用的可操作性,不能盲目僵化地进行法律移植。我国构建被遗忘权制度具有理论基础和现实依据,将被遗忘权本土化是一个任重而道远的过程。本文拟运用价值分析、比较分析等理论研究方法,分析在我国被遗忘权制度构建的立法逻辑,探究我国法律确立被遗忘权的正当性和必要性。本文的整体结构如下:首先,论述被遗忘权概念的提出与界定,主要从概念界定和权利属性界定两方面进行论述。其次,探究我国法律确立被遗忘权的立法基础。再次,探究我国被遗忘权制度的立法难点与立法构建。
[Abstract]:With the advent of big data's time, everyone's private space is no longer completely closed. We leave personal information on the Internet. When you re-enter cyberspace, the traces of data still exist.Will always break into the eyes of searchers or accidental information acquirers, telling them about all kinds of personal "privacy" or other personal information that has happened to them.That is to say, from the moment the data is uploaded to the Internet, the party has lost his "right to renege" or "right to withdraw", or similar rights do not exist in that situation at all.In response to this situation, the European Court of Justice has established a new right, the right to be forgotten, which provides that the data subject has the right to require the data controller to permanently delete the personal data relating to the data subject, unless the data is retained for lawful reasons.The Eraser Act in the United States also established a limited right to be forgotten, requiring social media to allow minors to erase their online traces.The establishment of this right in foreign countries provides a relatively clear and specific relief basis for the protection of personal information in the Internet era, even though there are still many problems.The current legislation of our country has not yet established this right. The protection of personal privacy and information right in the network environment is mainly based on the "network tort" clause in the tort liability law.But it is not complete. The General principles of Civil Law of the people's Republic of China is about to be implemented, which stipulates the protection of the right to personal information and embodies the orientation of our country's legal policy.The establishment of a right system in our national legal system requires a strong legal basis and the operability of its practical application, so it is not necessary to carry out the legal transplantation blindly and inflexibly.The construction of the right to be forgotten system in our country has theoretical and practical basis, and it is a long way to go to localize the right to be forgotten.This paper intends to use value analysis, comparative analysis and other theoretical research methods to analyze the legislative logic of the construction of the right to be forgotten in China, and to explore the legitimacy and necessity of establishing the right to be forgotten in our country's law.The overall structure of this paper is as follows: firstly, the concept of the right to be forgotten is proposed and defined, mainly from two aspects: the definition of the concept and the definition of the property of the right.Secondly, it explores the legislative basis of establishing the right to be forgotten.Thirdly, it explores the legislative difficulties and legislative construction of the right to be forgotten.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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