论《消费者权益保护法》的立法再完善

发布时间：2018-04-17 01:07

本文选题：消费者权益保护法 + 立法不足　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新修订的《消费者权益保护法》已于2014年3月15日起实施。本次修订与时俱进地加入有利于保护消费者权益的新制度,提升了消费者保护的水平。经过实践的证明,该法已经在具体的运用中收到了较好的社会效果。但从更好的保护消费者合法权益的角度出发,本法仍存在一些不足之处,为了使消费者的合法权益得以最大化的实现,本文主要从四个部分进行论述。第一部分主要论述了《消费者权益保护法》的修订背景和修订历程,并重点对全国人大常委会及全国人大法律委员会对该法的立法审议工作进行了总结,从消费理念、消费结构、消费方式的极大变化得出该法已经远远落后于现实的需要,从而阐述了该法修订的必要性和重要意义。并从该法颁布前的立法评估和审议工作得出该法在修订程序上的严谨性和科学性,从而阐述了这项立法举措大大的提高了立法的质量和法律的可执行性。第二部分主要论述了《消费者权益保护法》的立法进步及不足,具体来说,该法在解决消费者维权难、强化经营者义务、加重违法经营者责任等方面进行了较大幅度的修改,并增加了消费者后悔权、公益诉讼等新制度,体现出了的立法的进步之处。但该法的一些规定仍体现出了一定的立法不足,如后悔权的适用范围过于狭窄、公益诉讼制度没有规定具体的操作细则、举证责任倒置期限较短等。该法的针对性和可操作性仍然有可提升的空间。第三部分从无理由退货制度、网络交易平台提供者责任和举证责任等相关法律规定分析了国外有关消费者权益保护的相关法律制度,选取了三个典型国家进行分析,对日本的无理由退货制度、德国的举证责任制度以及瑞典的冷静期制度进行了重点介绍,从而论述了我国在消费者保护立法工作中值得借鉴的地方。第四部分根据我国《消费者权益保护法》在实践中仍然存在的问题,结合我国的现状和实际,并对国外有关消费者权益保护的相关立法进行研究,提出了从细化后悔权实施细则、加大惩罚性赔偿力度、适当授予某些机关或其他消费者组织和个人提起公益诉讼的资格等方面对《消费者权益保护法》加以完善的建议。
[Abstract]:The newly amended Consumer Rights and interests Protection Act came into effect on March 15, 2014.This revision keeps pace with the times to join the new system to protect the rights and interests of consumers, raising the level of consumer protection.It has been proved by practice that the method has got better social effect in concrete application.However, from the perspective of better protection of consumers' legitimate rights and interests, there are still some shortcomings in this law. In order to maximize the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, this paper mainly discusses from four parts.The first part mainly discusses the background and process of the revision of the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law, and summarizes the legislative review of the Law by the standing Committee of the National people's Congress and the Law Committee of the National people's Congress.The great changes in consumption structure and consumption mode show that the law has fallen far behind the needs of reality, and the necessity and significance of the revision of the law are expounded.And from the legislative evaluation and review work before the promulgation of the law, it is concluded that the revision procedure of the law is rigorous and scientific, thus the legislative measures greatly improve the quality of legislation and the law enforcement.The second part mainly discusses the legislative progress and shortcomings of the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law. Specifically, the law has been greatly modified in solving the problems of consumer rights protection, strengthening the obligations of operators, and increasing the liability of illegal operators.And added consumer regret right, public interest litigation and other new system, reflected the legislative progress.However, some provisions of the law still reflect some legislative deficiencies, such as the narrow scope of application of the right of regret, the absence of specific operational rules in the system of public interest litigation, the short period of inversion of the burden of proof, and so on.There is still room for improvement in the pertinence and maneuverability of the law.The third part analyzes the relevant legal system of consumer rights and interests protection in foreign countries from the relevant legal provisions, such as unjustified return system, network trading platform provider's liability and burden of proof, and selects three typical countries to carry on the analysis.The system of unjustified return of goods in Japan, the system of burden of proof in Germany and the system of cooling-off period in Sweden are introduced in detail, and the points that our country can use for reference in the legislation of consumer protection are discussed.In the fourth part, according to the problems that still exist in the practice of the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law of our country, combined with the present situation and the reality of our country, the author studies the relevant legislation about the protection of consumer's rights and interests in foreign countries.Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the Consumer Rights Protection Law from the following aspects: the detailed rules of the implementation of the right of regret, the strengthening of punitive damages, and the appropriate granting of the qualifications of some organs or other consumer organizations and individuals to file public interest litigation.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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