论涤除权制度

发布时间：2018-04-17 21:58

  本文选题：涤除权 + 替代清偿　； 参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着2007年《物权法》的出台,我国关于涤除权制度的争论一直没有间断,很多国内学者对我国《物权法》第191条是否属于涤除权制度的规定有分歧。事实上,我国《物权法》第191条的规定十分隐晦,在我国担保法现有规定的基础上,做了进一步的完善,虽然也存在很多矛盾的地方,但此次法律的出台不得不说是我国法制的一大进步。国内许多学者在进行多方对比和研究之后指出了理论界对于涤除权制度的误读,并指出我国《物权法》第191条的规定并不是我国有些学者所认为的涤除权制度,而是替代清偿制度。虽然涤除权制度与替代清偿制度从法律效果上来看都是消除抵押物上的抵押权,但是从具体的方面进行分析,可以看出涤除权制度从其概念到具体的行使条件都有其独特的制度构造,并不同于替代清偿制度,替代清偿制度本质上是一种以消除主债务为目的从而间接的产生消除抵押权效果的制度,两者存在着本质上的差异,对于两者的区别,笔者在正文中会详细地予以阐述,以期能正确的对两种制度做出清晰的划分,厘清学界存在的误区。在我国的现行立法体系中并没有关于涤除权制度的规定,但法国、日本、瑞士等国家对于涤除权制度已经制定了多种立法模式。我国在规定抵押物转让制度的问题上尚存在缺陷,虽然关于抵押物转让相关制度的规定有替代清偿制度、代价清偿制度以及价金代位制度等多种制度设计,但是这些制度在现实运行中仍存在很多不可避免的缺陷,无法在债务人、债权人以及抵押物的买受人三者之间寻求最佳的利益平衡点,违背了现行的市场经济运行规则。涤除权制度的设计则充分考虑到了债权人、债务人以及抵押物的买受人三者之间的利益关系,在法律偏向于保护债权人利益的情况下,同时也赋予了处于劣势地位的抵押物买受人以一定的对抗性权利,使其不至于在抵押物转让这一法律关系中处于过于被动的状态。这一制度设计符合诚实信用原则和公正公平原则的理念,较为巧妙地填补了抵押物转让制度存在的漏洞,缓和了三者之间存在的利益冲突。鉴于涤除权制度的优势以及在我国有存在的必要性和可行性,综合分析我国现阶段关于抵押物转让制度的立法现状以及现实中有关抵押物转让的实际案例,笔者认为应当结合本国国情合理地、有选择性地引入涤除权制度,以完善我国的抵押物自由转让的相关制度,充分地借鉴该制度的优势,针对我国的具体情形设计出最佳的制度安排,以实现市场经济的正常有序运行。
[Abstract]:With the publication of the Real right Law in 2007, there has been a constant debate on the system of purging the right of removal in our country. Many domestic scholars have different opinions on whether Article 191 of the Law of Real right belongs to the regulation of the system of purging the right of removal.As a matter of fact, the provisions of Article 191 of the Real right Law of our country are very obscure. On the basis of the existing provisions of the guarantee Law of our country, we have made further improvements, although there are also many contradictions.However, the introduction of the law must be said to be a major progress of our legal system.Many domestic scholars have pointed out the misreading of the system of the right of purge and the provisions of Article 191 of the Real right Law, which are not considered by some scholars in our country.It is a substitute for the liquidation system.Although both the system of removing the right of purge and the system of alternative liquidation are to eliminate the mortgage on the mortgage from the point of view of the legal effect, it is analyzed from the concrete aspects.It can be seen that the system of purge right has its unique institutional structure from its concept to the specific conditions for its exercise, and is not the same as the system of substitution for liquidation.In essence, the alternative liquidation system is a kind of system with the purpose of eliminating the main debt and indirectly producing the effect of eliminating the mortgage. There are essential differences between the two, and the author will elaborate the difference in detail in the text.In order to make a clear division of the two systems correctly, clarify the existing errors in academia.There are no regulations on the system of the right of purge in the current legislative system of our country, but France, Japan, Switzerland and other countries have formulated a variety of legislative models for the system of the right of purge.There are still some defects in the regulation of the system of mortgage transfer in our country, although there are many system designs about the system of mortgage transfer, such as substitute liquidation system, price settlement system and gold subrogation system, etc.However, there are still many unavoidable defects in the operation of these systems, which cannot find the best benefit balance point among debtor, creditor and buyer of mortgage, which violates the current market economic operation rules.On the other hand, the design of the system takes into account the interests of creditors, debtors and buyers of collateral. In the case that the law is biased towards protecting the interests of creditors,At the same time, the buyer in inferior position is endowed with antagonistic right to avoid being too passive in the legal relationship of mortgage transfer.This system is designed in accordance with the principles of good faith and justice and fairness. It cleverly fills the loopholes in the system of mortgage transfer and alleviates the conflicts of interest among them.In view of the advantages of the system and the necessity and feasibility of its existence in our country, this paper comprehensively analyzes the present legislative situation of the system of mortgage transfer in our country and the actual cases concerning the transfer of mortgage in reality.The author thinks that we should introduce the system of purge right reasonably and selectively according to our national conditions, so as to perfect the relevant system of free transfer of mortgage in our country, and fully draw lessons from the advantages of this system.In order to realize the normal and orderly operation of the market economy, the best system arrangement is designed according to the concrete situation of our country.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

【相似文献】

中国期刊全文数据库 前2条

1 赵林青;;涤除权制度之我见[J];甘肃政法学院学报;2006年03期

2 陈英;抵押权追及效力浅析——兼谈抵押物受让人的涤除权[J];天津市政法管理干部学院学报;2005年03期

中国重要报纸全文数据库 前2条

1 潘晓璇;抵押物第三取得人行使涤除权的要件[N];人民法院报;2004年

2 记者杨通河;贵州高院终审首例涤除权案[N];法制日报;2005年

中国硕士学位论文全文数据库 前2条

1 夏莉莉;论涤除权制度[D];大连海事大学;2017年

2 刘建;涤除权制度探究[D];黑龙江大学;2015年

，

本文编号：1765454