商品欺诈惩罚性赔偿责任适用范围争议之我见

发布时间：2018-04-28 18:13

本文选题：惩罚性赔偿 + 知假买假　；参考：《江汉论坛》2017年01期

【摘要】：《消费者权益保护法实施条例(草案)》征求意见稿第2条对界定商品欺诈、服务欺诈惩罚性赔偿责任适用范围存在较大问题,主要表现在把知假买假的职业打假行为拒之于惩罚性赔偿责任适用范围之外,这将有消极的社会效果,不利于净化市场交易环境,保护消费者合法权益。对于如何界定商品欺诈的违约惩罚性赔偿责任的适用范围,应当区别对待:第一,对于消费者为生活消费需要而发现商品欺诈的,必须对违法经营者予以惩罚性赔偿责任制裁;第二,对于善意知假买假的职业打假行为,准用《消费者权益保护法》和《食品安全法》的规定,责令违法经营者承担惩罚性赔偿责任;第三,对于仅存在非实质性经营欺诈的知假买假行为,应退回货款,不支持惩罚性赔偿请求;第四,对于恶意勒索合法经营者的索赔行为,应定性为欺诈或者恶意诉讼的侵权行为,依照《侵权责任法》的规定判令行为人承担侵权责任。
[Abstract]:Regulations on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights and interests (draft) Article 2 of the draft for soliciting opinions has great problems in defining the scope of application of punitive liability for commodity fraud and service fraud, It is mainly reflected in the fact that the professional action to crack down on fake information is excluded from the scope of application of punitive liability, which will have negative social effects, which is not conducive to purifying the market trading environment and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. As to how to define the scope of application of punitive liability for breach of contract of commodity fraud, it should be treated differently: first, for consumers who find commodity fraud for the purpose of living consumption, punitive liability sanctions must be imposed on illegal operators; Second, with regard to the act of cracking down on professional counterfeiting in good faith, the provisions of the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law and the Food Safety Law are permitted to order the illegal operators to bear punitive liability for damages; third, For only the existence of non-substantive business fraud, the fraud should be returned to the purchase price, do not support punitive damages; fourth, for malicious extortion of legitimate operators claims, should be classified as fraud or malicious litigation infringement, The perpetrator is ordered to bear tort liability in accordance with the Tort liability Act.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心;中国民法学研究会;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“编纂我国民法典的重大问题研究”(项目编号:15JJD820009)
【分类号】：D922.294

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