捐助法人组织架构的制度缺陷及完善进路

发布时间：2018-05-13 08:25

本文选题：《民法总则》 + 捐助法人　；参考：《法学》2017年10期

【摘要】：我国《民法总则》关于捐助法人组织架构的规定明显有悖于有关财团法人的基本理论共识和比较法成例,无法使捐助人产生足够的制度信心。这主要是因为受《基金会管理条例》相关错误规定的影响,还在于立法者忽略捐助法人的私法本质,而且对我国基金会实践中业已发生的巨大变化及其规律性认识不足。解决此问题需依循民事基本法的法律解释和特别法立法两条进路。名为"决策机构"的捐助法人理事会应被解释为执行机构,而"执行机构"应被解释为日常事务执行机构如秘书处。作为捐助法人特别法的《基金会管理条例》应作相应修订以落实上述职能定位,在规定捐助法人重大事务决定制度的基础上,将捐助法人理事会的职权限定于重大事务提议权和其他事务决议权。捐助法人组织架构制度的完善进路可以成为解决《民法总则》类似问题的一种典型方案。
[Abstract]:The provisions of the General principles of Civil Law of our country on the organizational structure of donating legal persons are obviously contrary to the basic theoretical consensus of the financial corporation and the examples of comparative law, and can not make the donors have sufficient confidence in the system. This is mainly due to the influence of the regulations on Foundation Management, the fact that legislators ignore the private law nature of donor legal persons, and lack of understanding of the great changes that have taken place in the practice of foundations in our country and their regularity. To solve this problem, we should follow two approaches: the legal interpretation of the civil basic law and the special law legislation. The Board of donor corporations, known as the "decision-making body", shall be interpreted as the executing agency, and the "executive body" shall be interpreted as the day-to-day executive body such as the secretariat. The regulations on the Administration of foundations, which are the special law on corporate donors, shall be amended accordingly in order to carry out the above functional orientation, and on the basis of the provisions of the system for determining major matters of donation as legal persons, The competence of the donor corporate board shall be limited to the power to propose major matters and to make decisions on other matters. The perfect way of donating legal person organization structure system can be a typical scheme to solve the similar problems of the Civil Law General principles.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【分类号】：D923

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