论公众人物隐私权的限制与保护

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:04

本文选题：公众人物 + 隐私权　；参考：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 隐私权在美国等国家中作为一项独立的人格权被加以严格保护。而在中国，由于历史和现实的原因，对于隐私权认识的程度和立法意识还有很大欠缺。对于公众人物的概念尚存在分歧，更谈不上对公众人物隐私权的限制和保护的问题。因此，本文拟对隐私权及公众人物的隐私权的基本概念，主体客体特征及学界关于公众人物隐私权限制、保护的理论进行分析，以公共利益为基本原则，具体从实践上对于公众人物隐私权保护与限制的标准进行界定，从而对我国公众人物隐私权的保护提出相关的立法、司法建议，旨在对我国公众人物隐私权制度的建构和完善有所帮助。论文在对基本概念进行阐述的基础上采取逐步深入的分析方法，去粗取精，去伪存真，从而得出自己的结论。除引言和结语之外，论文共分五个部分对公众人物隐私权的限制与保护展开论述。第一部分隐私权概论。通过对隐私及隐私权概念的分析比较，认为隐私是一种与公共利益群体利益无关的，当事人不愿他人知道、干涉或他人不便干涉的个人私事和当事人不愿他人侵入或他人不便侵入的个人领域。而隐私权是自然人享有的对其个人的与公共利益无关的个人信息、私人活动和私有领域进行支配的一种人格权。隐私权的主体是生存的自然人，法人和死者不能成为隐私权的主体。隐私权的内容为隐私保密权和隐私支配权。第二部分公众人物的隐私权。公众人物是指在社会生活中广为人知、具有相当高的社会知名度的社会成员。将公众人物区分为政治性公众人物和其他社会公众人物。判断一个人是否为公众人物的标准是他在一定区域内被社会大众的关注程度和熟悉程度。公众人物与一般自然人相比，其隐私权具有强烈的吸引力、与公共利益的密切联系性、知情权与隐私权冲突的必然性、与个人利益的冲突性的特征。第三部分公众人物隐私权的限制。综合已有的研究成果，认为对公众人物隐私权进行限制的原则为公共利益原则、公众合理兴趣原则、利益衡量原则和事业相关原则。在司法实践中应将上述几种原则结合起来。以公共利益原则为核心，以公众合理兴趣原则为重点，以利益衡量原则、事业相关原则为辅助进行整体性考虑。按照将公众人物分为政治性公众人物和社会公众人物的分类方法，，在对公众人物隐私权的限制上，应采取区别对待的态度。第四部分公众人物隐私权的保护。首先分析公众人物隐私权保护的必要性和可行性，然后指出保护的内容，即被侵犯的内容是对与社会公共利益无关的、纯粹的私人生活安定的侵犯，对公众人物私人空间的侵害，对公众人物与社会或公共利益无关的个人信息的披露。第五部分我国公众人物隐私权保护现状及立法建议。分析中国法律对公众人物隐私权保护的现状，发现存在立法缺位、立法水平滞后等问题。提出隐私权保护立法体系构建的建议，即采用直接保护方式，健全隐私权保护法律体系，制定完善各专门法，对公众人物隐私权要做出限制性、保护性及层次性规定，划定核心保护范围等。
[Abstract]:Privacy rights are strictly protected as an independent personality right in the United States and other countries. In China, due to historical and practical reasons, there is still a great lack of awareness of the right to privacy and legislative consciousness. There are still differences in the concept of public figures, not to mention the problem of limiting and protecting the right to privacy of public figures. Therefore, the basic concept of privacy and the right to privacy of the public figures, the characteristics of the subject and object and the theoretical analysis of the restrictions on the right to privacy of the public figures and the protection of the public figures are analyzed, and the basic principles of public interest are taken as the basic principle, and the standards for the protection and restriction of the privacy rights of the public figures are defined in practice. The relevant legislation and judicial proposals are proposed to protect the privacy of the public figures in China.
On the basis of the exposition of the basic concepts, the thesis takes a gradual and in-depth analysis method, and draws the conclusion from the rough, the false and the true. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the thesis is divided into five parts to discuss the restrictions and protection of the privacy rights of the public figures.
The first part is an introduction to the right to privacy. Through the analysis and comparison of the concept of privacy and the right to privacy, it is considered that privacy is a kind of personal affairs that are not related to the interests of the public interest groups, the parties do not want others to know, interference or other people are inconvenient to interfere in personal affairs and individuals who are unwilling to invade or invade by others. The right of privacy is the natural person's enjoyment. There are personal information that is not related to the public interests, private activities and private fields. The main body of the right of privacy is the natural person living, the legal person and the deceased can not be the main body of privacy. The content of the right of privacy is the right of privacy and the right of privacy.
The second part of the public figure's right to privacy. The public figure is a social member known in social life with a fairly high social popularity. It distinguishes the public figures into political public figures and other public figures. The criterion for judging whether a person is a public figure is that he is in a certain area by the public. Compared with the general natural person, the privacy of the public figure has a strong appeal, the close connection with the public interest, the inevitability of the conflict between the right to know and the right to privacy, and the characteristics of the conflict with the personal interests.
The third part is the restriction of the right to privacy of the public figures. The principle of restricting the right to privacy of the public figures is the principle of public interest, the principle of public interest, the principle of interest measurement and the principles of cause. The principle of public interest in reasonable interest is the key point. The principle of interest measurement and the related principles of the cause are considered as a whole. According to the classification of public figures into political public figures and public figures, the different attitude should be taken to restrict the privacy of public figures.
The fourth part is the protection of the right to privacy of public figures. First, it analyzes the necessity and feasibility of the protection of public figures' right to privacy, and then points out the content of protection, that is, the content of the protection is irrelevant to the public interests, the pure private life and stability of the private life, the infringement of the private space of the public figures, the public figures and the society or the public. Disclosure of personal information that is unrelated to the common interests.
The fifth part of the protection of the right to privacy of public figures in China and legislative proposals. Analysis of the current situation of the protection of the right to privacy of the public figures in China, found that there is a lack of legislation and the lag of the level of legislation. The suggestions for the construction of the legislative system for the protection of the right to privacy, namely, the use of direct protection, the sound protection of the legal system of the right to privacy, have been formulated. Good laws should restrict, protect and level the privacy of public figures, delineate the core protection scope and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】