我国寺庙财产法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 13:17

本文选题：财产归属 + 组织性质　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前我国立法对寺庙财产所有权归属的规定不明,理论观点不统一,出现僧侣财产与寺庙财产混同的情况。寺庙财产主要来源于信众的捐赠、政府的补贴、寺庙活动场所的自产收入、寺庙人员技能收入和法定孳息的取得。根据用途标准寺庙财产应归属于寺庙,利于财产的集中管理与使用,利于权益受损及责任承担时主体的确认,符合宗教使用这一目的财产说的原则性要求,利于区分僧侣私人财产与寺庙集体财产,杜绝不符合宗教性目的用途的财产滥用情形,可将公益慈善性事业的财产使用纳入宗教目的外延范围这六方面优势。寺庙组织性质定位模糊以及寺庙被侵权时请求权主体混乱的局面,说明我国法律在该问题上的模糊态度和理论界对此问题未达成共识。寺庙组织与法人非民事个体目的的集合、有代表人代理进行民事行为和财产独立性三大特征相符,应将寺庙组织定性为财团法人,发挥权责主体明确和利于区分僧侣个人财产与寺庙财产的优势。我国寺庙财产的使用,存在以政令决定旅游模式获取利益和干涉寺庙正常宗教事务的行政介入明显的客观事实。国外在寺庙财产使用上主要有信托制、公司制两种模式,在“政教分离”原则的要求下,应采用公司制中成员制的模式,发挥能够为合理性的商业营利行为作出较好解释,实现财产宗教性目的的使用,达到“圣俗分离”原则对寺庙财产使用的指引优势。
[Abstract]:At present, the regulations of ownership of temple property in our country are not clear, and the theory view is not unified, and the monastic property is mixed with temple property. The temple property mainly comes from the donation of the believers, the subsidy of the government, the self-production income of the temple activity place, the income of the temple staff's skill and the acquisition of the civil fruits. According to the standard of use, the temple property should belong to the temple, which is conducive to the centralized management and use of the property, to the confirmation of the subject when the rights and interests are damaged and the responsibility is assumed, and conforms to the principle requirements of the theory of religious use of the property for this purpose. It is advantageous to distinguish the private property of monks from the collective property of temples, to put an end to the abuse of property which does not conform to the purpose of religion, and to bring the use of property of public welfare and charity into the scope of extension of religious purpose. The vague orientation of the nature of temple organization and the confusion of the subject of claim when the temple is infringed indicates that the fuzzy attitude of the law on this issue and the consensus of the theorists on this issue have not been reached. The collection of the purpose of the temple organization and the non-civil individual purpose of the legal person, the representative person carrying out the civil act and the property independence accord with the three major characteristics, so the temple organization should be regarded as the financial group legal person. Give full play to the power and responsibility of the subject clear and conducive to distinguish between the monk's personal property and temple property advantage. In the use of temple property in our country, there is an obvious objective fact that the administrative intervention in the mode of tourism and interference in the normal religious affairs of temples is decided by government order. There are two modes in the use of temple property abroad: trust system and corporate system. Under the principle of "separation of state and religion", we should adopt the mode of member system in the corporate system to give a better explanation for the reasonable commercial profit behavior. To achieve the religious purpose of the use of property, to achieve the "separation of sacred customs" principle of the use of temple property guidance advantage.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

【参考文献】