论我国侵权补充责任中经营者的安全保障义务

发布时间：2018-05-28 09:12

本文选题：安全保障义务 + 侵权补充责任　；参考：《延边大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,服务场所内的第三入侵权事件频繁发生,由于安全保障义务逐渐深入人心,经营者也牵涉其中。针对第三人侵权事件的媒体报道屡见不鲜,司法实践中类似事件也数不胜数。但是,由于2009年颁布的《侵权责任法》只是规定在第三人侵权事件中,有过错的经营者承担相应的侵权补充责任,却没有对补充责任构成要件、相应责任的确定、责任效力等做出明确的规定,导致在诉讼活动中并没有能遵循的统一的实体规则；而在司法实践中,各地法院也是一边摸索,一边积累经验,并没有全国性、统一的审判实施细则。因而,最终出现了不同地区、不同级别法院的审理判决的缺乏一致性、科学性与均衡性,有失法一直倡导的公平与正义,也同样无法实现有法可依、执法必严、违法必究。同时,由于我国消费者法律意识与维权意识薄弱,也在一定程度上助长了服务场所经营者的侥幸心理,使其能够“光明正大”的逃避侵权补充责任。本文从经营者的安全保障义务出发,确定在第三方侵权事件中经营者补充责任的特征、定位及价值,同时结合我国具体的国情及法律法规现状,在具体的案例中研究、探讨侵权补充责任制度的现状及问题,并提出相应的对策与建议,完善我国经营者侵权补充责任的法律保障制度,给与侵权补充责任以法律支撑及诉讼保障,为经营者因安全保障义务而发生的侵权补充责任提供统一的制度保障与法律支撑。简言之,本文立足于安全保障义务,从经营者的侵权补充责任出发,从实体与程序的双重角度,兼顾消费者,拟建构一套与侵权补充责任相适应的法律保障制度,在保障侵权补充责任能够在司法实践中科学、合理、合法的实现与落实的同时,将法律、道德与司法有效的统一起来,妥善的协调第三人、经营者及受害人的权利义务关系,修复受损的社会关系,化解社会矛盾,消除社会的不良因素,保障社会稳定、秩序与和谐。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the third entry tort happened frequently in the service place, and the operator was involved because the duty of safety and security gradually took root in the people's mind. Media reports on third-party infringement are common, and similar events are numerous in judicial practice. However, since the Tort liability Law promulgated in 2009 only stipulates that in the tort incident of the third party, the operator with fault bears the corresponding supplementary tort liability, it does not determine the constitutive elements of the supplementary liability and the corresponding liability. In judicial practice, the courts in various places are also groping and accumulating experience, and there is no national law, because of the clear provisions on the effectiveness of liability, which lead to the lack of uniform substantive rules that can be followed in litigation activities, and in judicial practice, the courts in various parts of the country are also groping and accumulating experience. Uniform rules for the execution of trials. As a result, there is a lack of consistency, scientificalness and balance in the trial decisions of different courts in different regions, the fairness and justice advocated by the law all the time, and the same inability to implement the law, enforce the law strictly, and prosecute the violations of the law. At the same time, because of the weak legal consciousness and rights protection consciousness of consumers in our country, it also contributes to the fluke psychology of service site operators to a certain extent, and enables them to evade the supplementary liability of infringement in a fair and impartial manner. Starting from the operator's duty of safety and security, this paper determines the characteristics, orientation and value of the operator's supplementary responsibility in the case of third party tort. At the same time, combined with the specific situation of our country and the current situation of laws and regulations, it is studied in the specific cases. This paper probes into the present situation and problems of the system of supplementary liability for tort, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the legal protection system of supplementary liability for infringement of operators in our country, and to provide legal support and procedural protection for supplementary liability of tort. To provide unified system and legal support for the additional liability of tort caused by the duty of safety guarantee. In short, based on the duty of safety and security, starting from the operator's supplementary liability of tort, from the perspective of entity and procedure, and taking into account consumers, this paper intends to construct a set of legal protection system suitable for the supplementary liability of tort. In order to ensure that the supplementary liability of tort can be scientifically, reasonably and legally realized and implemented in judicial practice, the law, morality and judicature can be effectively unified, and the rights and obligations of the third party, operator and victim can be properly coordinated. Repair damaged social relations, resolve social contradictions, eliminate social factors, ensure social stability, order and harmony.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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