论我国儿童适当生活水准权

发布时间：2018-05-28 22:49

本文选题：儿童适当生活水准权 + 儿童福利　；参考：《云南财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：权利是由社会和法律认可并支持的自主行为和控制他人行为的能力。儿童权利是人权中的一种特殊类型,是每个儿童都应当具有的权利。但儿童权利并不是一开始就存在,而是经历了漫长的历史时期才被人类社会所认可。1640年英国爆发的资产阶级革命,洛克、卢梭、康德等提出的关于儿童权利的观点,才初步形成了儿童拥有权利的人权学说。直到第二次世界大战结束后,联合国颁布的《儿童权利公约》(1989)才真正意义上的将儿童权利看作一项基本人权。儿童人权是儿童基于身心需求所拥有的区别于成人的权利。儿童的柔弱、易受伤害、相对独立等特征,使得国家和社会在保护儿童权利的过程中要考量儿童自身发展需求,制定与之相适应的保障措施。为儿童的生存和发展营造一个良好的社会环境,让他们安全、健康、快乐地成长是各国应有的义务之一。在此背景下,儿童适当生活水准权正是对儿童如何更好生存和发展的回应,各国和学术界都在积极地关注,对儿童生活水准权进行了一系列的探讨。本文从六个部分对儿童适当生活水准权进行了研究。第一部分着重探讨了儿童适当生活水准权的选题背景及研究意义、国内外的相关研究动态和研究的方法。第二部分结合了国内外学者的观点及国际条约的规定,梳理了儿童适当生活水准权的历史发展,确定了儿童适当生活水准权的概念和特征,辨析了与儿童适当生活水准权相似的权利。这部分是全文的基础,也是论文的重点。第三部分详细介绍了国际的保障标准和制度模式,为进一步探讨我国儿童适当水准权的的实现提供了理论基础。第四部分从论述了我国儿童适当生活水准权的现状,结合现状分析了我国儿童适当生活水准权中存在的问题。第五部分在结合相应的儿童福利理论的基础上,针对我国儿童适当生活水准权中存在的问题提出相应的改进意见。第六部分对全文进行总结,希望本文对儿童适当生活水准权的研究能提供一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:Rights are the capacity to act autonomously and to control the behaviour of others, as recognized and supported by society and the law. Children's rights are a special type of human rights, which every child should have. However, children's rights did not exist at the very beginning, but they were recognized by human society after a long historical period. The ideas on children's rights put forward by the British bourgeois revolution, Locke, Rousseau, and Kant in 1640, It was only then that the human rights doctrine of children's rights was preliminarily formed. It was not until the end of the second World War that the United Nations promulgated the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) that the rights of the child were truly regarded as a basic human right. Children's human rights are the rights of children which are different from adults based on their physical and mental needs. The weakness, vulnerability and relative independence of children make it necessary for the state and society to consider the development needs of children in the process of protecting children's rights. It is one of the obligations of every country to create a good social environment for the survival and development of children and to make them grow up safely, healthily and happily. In this context, the right of children to an adequate standard of living is the response to how children survive and develop better. All countries and academics are actively paying attention to the right to a standard of living, and have carried out a series of discussions on children's right to standard of living. This paper studies children's right to an adequate standard of living in six parts. The first part focuses on the background and research significance of children's right to an adequate standard of living, the research trends and research methods at home and abroad. The second part combines the views of domestic and foreign scholars and the provisions of international treaties, combs the historical development of children's right to an adequate standard of living, and determines the concept and characteristics of children's right to an adequate standard of living. The rights are similar to children's right to an adequate standard of living. This part is the basis of the full text, but also the focus of the paper. The third part introduces the international security standards and institutional models in detail, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the realization of children's right to an appropriate standard in China. The fourth part discusses the current situation of children's right to an adequate standard of living in China, and analyzes the problems existing in the right of children's right to an appropriate standard of living. In the fifth part, on the basis of the corresponding child welfare theory, the author puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of children's right to an adequate standard of living in China. The sixth part summarizes the full text and hopes that the study of children's right to an adequate standard of living can provide some help.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.183

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