论权利的“相对性”及其在当代中国的应用——来自英美财产法的启示

发布时间：2018-05-28 21:27

本文选题：相对性 + 产权　；参考：《环球法律评论》2015年02期

【摘要】：在对财产权利的确定上,我国继受大陆法系形成的传统认识,主要是采取立法预先确立的绝对办法,而英美法上却通过"产权"这一术语的承载运行,普遍创设了一种"相对性"的办法,承认一系列独立权利的平行继起,直待发生冲突时再来具体比较谁更优而确定个案的保护范围。由此,人们对财产权的认识就可跳出大陆法系下绝对所有权伞形结构的框架、而转化为一种线形结构,就此提供一个开阔的想象空间和逻辑导引,通过引入时间维度,每个人都可以利用这个空间来创设自己所需又针对未来的丰富安排;借助其内在逻辑,又能促使各种财产权利之间保持平等、往复回溯和独立交易,而使对土地利益的多种灵活利用成为可能。借鉴英美财产法的一些逻辑与经验,我国可创设或更新一些制度,以有效缓解我国现有体制问题激发的农地利用、小产权房等民生矛盾。
[Abstract]:In the ascertainment of property rights, the traditional cognition of our country formed by the civil law system is mainly to adopt the absolute method established in advance by legislation, but in common law, it runs through the term "property right". A "relativistic" approach has been created, which recognizes the parallel succession of a series of independent rights, and determines the scope of protection of the case by comparing who is better when the conflict occurs. Thus, people's understanding of property rights can jump out of the framework of absolute ownership umbrella structure under the continental law system, and transform into a linear structure, which provides an open imagination space and logical guidance, through the introduction of time dimension. Everyone can use this space to create rich arrangements for their own needs and for the future; with their internal logic, they can also promote equality between various property rights, backtracking and independent transactions, And make to the land benefit many kinds of flexible use becomes possible. Drawing on some logic and experience of Anglo-American property law, some systems can be created or updated in our country, so as to effectively alleviate the contradictions of people's livelihood, such as farmland utilization, small property right house and so on, which are aroused by the existing system problems in our country.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院法学研究所;
【分类号】：D923

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