论商业寄存类服务的法律性质及责任

发布时间：2018-05-29 06:32

本文选题：商业 + 寄存类　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着购买力的不断提高,人们纷纷涌入购物场所,加之商家提供周到的延伸服务,因而商场已经成为人们购物和存放物品的重要场所。商家为了提高消费者进店率,同时也为了方便消费者购物和消费,往往在消费者购物场所增设了商业寄存箱、停车场等寄存类服务。寄存类服务在消费者和商家之间形成了独特的权利和义务关系。然而,从我国目前的商业寄存法律角度看,并未对这种尚不明确的权利和义务性质及责任进行针对性的定义和约束。我国法律从立法、司法两个方面对其性质及责任都存在非常大的争议,其法律性质是判定消费者财物丢失责任非常关键的因素,直接决定丢失责任是否在于商家,消费者能否获得赔偿。所以,在商业寄存类服务中物品出现损毁以及丢失等情况时,寄存类服务的性质直接影响到消费者能否依法维护自身的合法权益,以及能否妥善解决商家和消费者之间的矛盾纠纷。针对我国寄存类服务纠纷,理论界虽对其法律性质进行了深入研究以及充分的讨论,但仍未形成统一的认识。到现阶段,从立法角度解决这一争议势在必行。对于商业寄存类服务的法律性质,学界见解不一,主要有保管合同说、借用合同说、租赁合同说、附随义务说和法定保管说。根据对域外国家和地区对寄存类服务法律性质的研究,以及从我国现行法治环境分析,将寄存类服务进行统一定性是不适宜的,而根据不同类型的寄存服务定性其服务的法律性质更为合理。关于商业寄存类服务中服务提供者的责任承担问题,我国的法律、法规对此并未明确。理论界对此也众说纷纭,主要有商业寄存类服务的提供者应承担违约责任和履行安全保障义务这两种观点。而从我国相关法律、法规的立法背景、商业寄存类服务责任的性质以及平衡商家与消费者双方利益上分析,消费者既可以要求服务提供者对其承担违约责任,也能要求其承担侵权责任,属于违约责任和侵权责任的竞合。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of purchasing power, people pour into shopping places in succession, and merchants provide thoughtful extension services, so shopping malls have become an important place for people to buy and store goods. In order to improve the rate of consumers entering stores, and to facilitate consumers to buy and consume, merchants often add commercial storage boxes, parking lots and other depository services in consumer shopping places. Depository services form a unique relationship of rights and obligations between consumers and merchants. However, from the point of view of the present law of commercial depository in our country, there is no specific definition and restriction on the nature and responsibility of this kind of rights and obligations. There is a great dispute on the nature and responsibility of our country's law from the aspects of legislation and judicature. Its legal nature is the key factor to judge the responsibility of loss of consumer property, which directly determines whether the loss of responsibility lies in the business. Can consumers be compensated? Therefore, when goods are damaged and lost in commercial depository services, the nature of depository services has a direct impact on consumers' ability to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law. And can properly resolve the conflicts between merchants and consumers. In view of the dispute of depository service in our country, the theoretical circle has carried on the thorough research and the thorough discussion to its legal nature, but has not formed the unified understanding. At the present stage, it is imperative to resolve this dispute from the angle of legislation. There are different opinions on the legal nature of commercial depository service, mainly including the theory of custody contract, the theory of loan contract, the theory of lease contract, the theory of collateral obligation and the theory of legal custody. Based on the study of the legal nature of depository services in foreign countries and regions, and the analysis of the current legal environment in China, it is not appropriate to unify the nature of depository services. It is more reasonable to define the legal nature of the service according to the different types of depository service. There are no clear laws and regulations on the liability of service providers in commercial hosting services. There are different opinions on this in the theoretical circle, mainly including the two viewpoints that the provider of commercial hosting service should bear the responsibility of breach of contract and fulfill the obligation of safety and security. From the legislative background of the relevant laws and regulations of our country, the nature of the commercial depository service liability and the balance of the interests of both the merchant and the consumer, consumers can ask the service provider to bear the responsibility for breach of contract. It can also be required to assume tort liability, which belongs to the concurrence of breach of contract liability and tort liability.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D913

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