由一个旅客运输合同引发的关于侵权与违约责任的思考

发布时间：2018-06-22 10:58

本文选题：违约责任 + 侵权责任　；参考：《云南财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：违约责任与侵权责任的竞合问题一直困扰着我国的司法实践,如果把二者分开来看,无论是选择违约亦或是侵权进行诉讼,从案件审理的角度来看,只要证据确凿、有相应的法律予以适用,案件的审理并不会很难。但是当一个案件既可以以违约责任起诉,又可以以侵权责任起诉时,如何选择一个最有利于受害人的诉讼理由就成为了摆在我们面前的一个新的问题。本文从一个旅客运输合同的案件作为切入点,深入分析了从不同的角度起诉的利与弊,主要运用对比的分析方法,希望可以为两种责任的竞合提出自己建设性的意见。第一部分根据作者在实践中接触到的一个旅客运输合同案件入手,引出了其他类似案件都会引人思考的三个问题:即一个案件以违约为由进行诉讼时,是否可以侵权为由起诉,反之亦然;两种责任起诉的利与弊是什么;二者的判决结果有何不同。第二部分是对违约责任与侵权责任的概述,从历史的角度重看二者各自的发展历史,介绍了违约责任与侵权责任竞合的原因并介绍了具体的竞合方式与学说。第三部分是介绍违约责任与侵权责任的区别以及两种责任竞合的现状。两者的不同主要体现在违约责任的归责原则是以无过错责任为主,过错责任原则和过错推定责任原则为辅;而侵权责任的归责原则是以过错责任原则为主,以过错推定责任原则、无过错责任原则和公平责任原则为补充。第四部分是本文的重点,作者结合案例具体谈了在该旅客运输合同中,从违约的角度和侵权的角度来看二者的竞合问题,总结了分别以违约责任和侵权责任起诉对原告的利与弊。第五部分作者谈到了违约责任与侵权责任竞合的限制、责任竞合制度的缺陷及弥补。
[Abstract]:The problem of concurrence between liability for breach of contract and liability for tort has been puzzling the judicial practice of our country. If we look at them separately, whether we choose breach of contract or tort for litigation, from the point of view of the trial of cases, as long as the evidence is conclusive. There is a corresponding law to apply, the case will not be very difficult to hear. However, when a case can be sued both by breach of contract liability and tort liability, how to choose the most favorable cause of action for the victim has become a new problem in front of us. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of prosecution from different angles from a case of passenger transport contract, mainly using the comparative analysis method, hoping to put forward their own constructive opinions for the two kinds of responsibilities. In the first part, according to a passenger transport contract case that the author has come into contact with in practice, it leads to three questions that other similar cases will think about: that is, whether a case can sue for infringement on the ground of breach of contract. Vice versa; what are the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of liability for prosecution; what are the differences between the two decisions? The second part is an overview of the liability for breach of contract and tort liability, from the historical point of view of the review of their respective development history, introduced the reasons for the concurrence of liability for breach of contract and tort liability, and introduced the specific ways and doctrine of concurrence. The third part introduces the difference between the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort and the present situation of the concurrence of the two kinds of liability. The difference between the two is mainly reflected in the principle of liability for breach of contract, the principle of liability without fault, the principle of fault liability and the principle of presumption of fault, while the principle of liability for tort is the principle of liability for fault. It is supplemented by the principle of presumption of fault liability, the principle of no-fault liability and the principle of fair liability. The fourth part is the focus of this article, the author discusses the passenger transport contract, from the point of view of breach of contract and the perspective of infringement. The advantages and disadvantages of suing the plaintiff by breach of contract liability and tort liability are summarized respectively. In the fifth part, the author discusses the limitation of the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort, and the defect and remedy of the system of the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

【相似文献】