林业碳汇权的理论基础与制度构建

发布时间：2018-07-11 09:45

本文选题：林业碳汇权 + 林业碳汇利益　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：现阶段,我国清洁发展机制林业碳汇行业存在着制度供应不足的局面：即现有的林业碳汇制度不能满足规制林业碳汇活动的需要。导致这种局面出现的直接原因是规制林业碳汇活动的法律规范不足,而其深层次原因则在于缺少对林业碳汇活动的系统性的法理研究,特别是对林业碳汇利益保护方面的法理研究。出于促进我国林业碳汇行业可持续发展的考虑,我国应当着手进行林业碳汇活动法理层面的研究,并在此基础上构建我国的林业碳汇权制度。本文从林业碳汇实践中所存在的法律问题出发,结合相关的法学理论,对林业碳汇活动进行法理层面的探析,并综合考虑我国现行的法律规定,构建出我国的林业碳汇权制度。本文分为五个部分,其主要内容如下：第一部分对与林业碳汇相关的内容进行概述,以期将林业碳汇的“全貌”及研究现状展现出来,并为后面部分的论述作相应的铺垫。首先,由于林业碳汇主要是国际法规制下的产物,因此,梳理其国际法渊源有利于揭示林业碳汇的本质；其次,切入到我国林业碳汇项目实践情况,并在此基础上分析导致我国林业碳汇行业中制度供应不足的表层原因---规制林业碳汇活动的法律规范不足和深层原因---学界对林业碳汇的法理研究不足；最后,在对林业碳汇的研究现状评述的基础上,阐述本文研究的理论和现实意义。第二部分主要阐述了我国为什么要构建林业碳汇权制度。总体而言,保护林业碳汇利益的现实需要和林业应对气候变化的长期需要共同要求我国构建林业碳汇权制度。从现实需要的角度来看,现阶段林业碳汇项目业主的林业碳汇利益无法得到法律的保护,易致林业碳汇项目的正常运行受到不法侵害的影响；从长期需要的角度来看,林业碳汇利益未能法定化、权利化,影响了公众参与林业碳汇行业的积极性,最终削弱了林业碳汇在应对气候变化方面的功能。第三部分主要对与林业碳汇权构建的相关法学理论进行探析。首先,对传统物权客体理论进行探讨和反思,并在此基础上证成大气温室气体容量资源能够成为林业碳汇权客体；其次,对林业碳汇权进行了概述,重点论述了作为准物权的林业碳汇权如何回应第二部分所述的现实需要和长远需要；再次,按照“林业碳汇权是物权,但非典型物权”的逻辑,证成了林业碳汇权本质上是准物权；最后,按照“物权三效力说”分别探讨了林业碳汇权的排他效力、优先效力和物上请求权。第四部分对澳大利亚的林业碳汇权立法作了相关的介绍,并对其进行了总结。选取比较具有代表性的新南威尔士州立法模式和西澳大利亚州立法模式,分别作了详细的介绍。“它山之石,可以攻玉”。虽然澳大利亚的林业碳汇权立法很难被直接移植到我国,但新南威尔士州林业碳汇权的立法路径选择仍值得我国未来林业碳汇权立法借鉴。因而,对新南威尔士州林业碳汇权的立法路径进行了深入的探讨。第五部分主要阐述了如何构建我国的林业碳汇权制度。在借鉴新南威尔士州立法经验的基础上,从扩展物权客体内涵的路径选择和林业碳汇权的创设方式两个方面来论述我国未来林业碳汇权的立法路径选择问题。在确定了林业碳汇权立法路径后,综合考虑现行法律和“京都规则”的基础上,从林业碳汇权的主体、林业碳汇权的取得程序、林业碳汇权的内容、林业碳汇权的变更、林业碳汇权的权利救济等方面详细地阐述了我国林业碳汇权制度的具体构建。
[Abstract]:At the present stage, there is a shortage of system supply in the carbon sequestration industry of the clean development mechanism of China: the existing forestry carbon sequestration system can not meet the need to regulate the forestry carbon sequestration activities. The direct reason for this situation is that the legal norms governing forestry carbon sequestration are not sufficient, and the deep reason lies in the lack of forest. The systematic jurisprudential study of the activity of carbon sequestration in the industry, especially the jurisprudential study on the protection of forestry carbon sequestration interests. In order to promote the sustainable development of China's forestry carbon sequestration industry, our country should proceed with the research on the legal and rational aspects of forestry carbon sequestration, and build our country's forestry carbon sequestration system on this basis.
Based on the legal problems existing in the practice of forestry carbon sequestration, this paper analyzes the legal theory of forestry carbon sequestration in combination with relevant legal theories, and takes into consideration the current legal provisions of our country, and constructs the system of forestry carbon sequestration in China. This paper is divided into five parts, the main content of which is as follows:
The first part is an overview of the content related to the forestry carbon sequestration, in order to show the "whole picture" and the research status of the forestry carbon sequestration and make the corresponding paving for the latter part. First, because the forestry carbon sequestration is mainly the product of the regulation of international law, it will be helpful to reveal the nature of the forestry carbon sequestration. Secondly, the practical situation of forestry carbon sequestration project in China is cut in, and on this basis, the surface reasons that lead to the lack of system supply in China's forestry carbon sequestration industry are analyzed. The lack of legal norms and deep reasons for the regulation of forestry carbon sequestration activities - the legal theory of forestry carbon sequestration by the academics is not enough; finally, the research status of forestry carbon sequestration is in the end. Based on the review, the theoretical and practical significance of this study is expounded.
The second part mainly expounds why China should construct the system of forestry carbon sequestration. In general, the practical needs of protecting forestry carbon sequestration interests and the long-term needs of forestry in response to climate change require China to construct the system of forestry carbon sequestration. From the perspective of practical needs, the forestry carbon sequestration interests of the owners of the present stage forestry carbon sequestration projects are in the present stage. The protection of the forestry carbon sequestration projects can not be protected by law, and the normal operation of forestry carbon sequestration projects is affected by unlawful infringement. From the point of view of long-term needs, the interests of forestry carbon sequestration fail to be legalized and right, which affect the public participation in the forestry carbon sequestration industry, and eventually weaken the function of forestry carbon sequestration in dealing with climate change.
The third part mainly discusses the relevant legal theories related to the construction of forestry carbon sequestration right. First, we discuss and reflect on the traditional theory of real right object, and prove that the atmospheric greenhouse gas capacity resources can become the object of forestry carbon sequestration. Secondly, it summarizes the carbon sequestration right of forestry, focusing on the quasi real right. How to respond to the realistic needs and long-term needs described in the second part of the right of forestry carbon sequestration; again, according to the logic of "the right of forestry carbon sequestration is real right, but atypical property right", it is proved that the right of forestry carbon sequestration is essentially quasi real right. Finally, according to "the theory of the three validity of real right", the exclusiveness of forestry carbon sequestration right is discussed, the priority effect and the object are given. The right of request.
The fourth part introduces the legislation of the right of forestry carbon sequestration in Australia, and summarizes it. The representative New South Wales legislative model and the legislative model of Western Australia state are selected in detail. "It is a mountain stone to attack jade". Although Australia's forestry carbon sequestration legislation is very important It is difficult to be directly transplanted into China, but the legislative path of New South Wales's forestry carbon sequestration still deserves our future legislation for forestry carbon sequestration. Therefore, the legislative path of forestry carbon sequestration in New South Wales is discussed in depth.
The fifth part mainly expounds how to construct the system of forestry carbon sequestration in China. On the basis of the legislative experience of New South Wales state, from the two aspects of expanding the path selection of the connotation of the object of real right and the creation mode of the carbon sequestration right of forestry, this paper discusses the choice of the legislative path of China's forestry carbon sequestration right in the future. On the basis of the right legislation, on the basis of the current law and the "Kyoto rules", the concrete construction of the carbon sequestration system of forestry in China is elaborated in detail from the main body of the carbon sequestration right of forestry, the acquisition procedure of forestry carbon sequestration right, the content of forestry carbon sequestration right, the change of forestry carbon sequestration right, and the right relief of forestry carbon sequestration right.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

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