民事连带责任探究
发布时间:2018-01-26 11:22
本文关键词: 连带 责任 连带责任 出处:《华东政法大学》2010年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】: 连带责任制度作为民商法中承担责任的特殊责任制度,在当今人们的生活和商业活动中,在最大限度地保障债权人权利实现方面发挥着巨大作用,并且对维护交易安全和稳定经济秩序亦具有重大意义。连带责任制度涉及到的领域较为广泛,如连带债务、侵权、连带保证、产品致人损害、代理、票据保证、公司设立等。虽然我国在诸多法条中都有涉及连带责任承担的问题,但对连带责任的规定还不够完善。当在实践中处理疑似连带责任的案件时,对到底是否应当适用连带责任以及怎样恰当地适用连带责任等问题,都存在许多不清晰之处,这影响了民事连带责任在实践中的有效运用。 民事连带责任制度在大陆法系主要国家中具有较为系统的规定,而在我国民事立法当中,虽有规定,但是涉及到连带责任的规定较为分散零散,而且不具有系统性。作为保护债权人合法权益实现的有效方式之一,连带责任制度应当值得我们去深入、系统的研究,以期能对法学研究和司法实务起到一定的作用。 除去引言和结语部分外,全文共分为七个部分。本文七个部分具体分述如下: 第一部分从历史的角度出发,来探寻连带责任的渊源,理清连带责任的历史沿革。 第二部分从逻辑分析的角度出发,来解析连带责任的概念,并阐述连带责任的制度价值,并且还对民事责任与民事债务的区别和联系、法律责任与法律义务的关系等作了简要分析。 第三部分从横向比较的角度出发,来辨析与连带责任相近概念的区别,并着重阐述连带责任与不真正连带责任、垫付责任、补充责任等之间的关系。 第四部分比照连带之债的单复数性质,来分析连带责任的单复数性质。 第五部分从类型化的角度出发,来明晰连带责任的类型,分别以引发连带责任的原因为标准和以替代资格和追偿资格为标准,对连带责任进行了类型化的分析。 第六部分从连带责任的效力角度出发,并以外部效力和内部效力、绝对效力和相对效力为切入点,来分析连带责任外部和内部效力,并对连带责任人中之一人所生事项的效力如何作了深入分析,以明晰何种事项产生绝对效力,何种事项产生相对效力。 第七部分从立法和司法实践层面入手,分析连带责任制度在立法和司法实践中存在的不足,并给出几点完善建议。
[Abstract]:Joint and several liability system, as a special liability system in civil and commercial law, plays a great role in protecting the realization of creditor's rights to the maximum extent in people's life and business activities. Joint liability system involves a wide range of fields, such as joint debt, infringement, joint guarantee, product damage, agency, bill guarantee. Although our country has the problem of joint and several liability in many articles of law, but the regulation of joint and several liability is not perfect. When dealing with the suspected joint and several liability cases in practice. There are many unclear questions about whether joint and several liability should be applied and how to properly apply joint liability, which affects the effective application of civil joint and several liability in practice. Civil joint and several liability system in the main countries of the continental law system has a more systematic provisions, and in China's civil legislation, although there are provisions, but involving joint and several liability provisions are scattered. And not systematic. As one of the effective ways to protect the legitimate rights and interests of creditors, the joint and several liability system should be worth our in-depth, systematic research. In order to play a certain role in legal research and judicial practice. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into seven parts. The first part from the historical point of view, to explore the origin of joint liability, clarify the historical evolution of joint liability. The second part analyzes the concept of joint and several liability from the perspective of logical analysis, and expounds the institutional value of joint and several liability, and also the distinction and connection between civil liability and civil debt. The relationship between legal liability and legal obligation is briefly analyzed. The third part, from the angle of horizontal comparison, analyzes the difference between the concept of joint liability and joint liability, and emphasizes the relationship between joint liability and unreal joint liability, advance liability, supplementary liability, etc. Part 4th analyzes the single and complex nature of joint liability by referring to the single and complex nature of joint and several debts. Part 5th from the perspective of typology to clarify the type of joint and several liability, respectively, the cause of the initiation of joint and several liability as the standard and to replace the qualification and eligibility for recovery as the standard. The type of joint and several liability is analyzed. The 6th part analyzes the external and internal effectiveness of joint and several liability from the point of view of the effectiveness of joint and several liability, and with external and internal effectiveness, absolute and relative effectiveness as the starting point. And how to make a thorough analysis of the effect of one of the joint and several responsible persons in order to make clear which items produce absolute effect and which items produce relative effect. The 7th part starts with the legislative and judicial practice, analyzes the shortcomings of the joint and several liability system in the legislation and judicial practice, and gives some suggestions to improve it.
【学位授予单位】:华东政法大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2010
【分类号】:D923
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