国家主管机关海难救助中的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 01:28

本文关键词： 海难救助国家主管机关强制救助救助报酬　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海难救助一直是海商法之中特有的制度,随着这一制度的发展,国家主管机关也成为了海难救助的主体。但国家主管机关作为一个具有公权力的主体,在介入和实施海难救助行为的时候,产生了诸多与传统救助不同之处。这些不同也引起了国家主管机关海难救助的一些问题,这些问题常使得国家主管机关的海难救助在报酬请求权的取得上产生争议,并发生不必要的诉讼,降低行政的效率,产生浪费。为了解决这些问题,本文从以下几个方面进行了探讨：第一章,从国家主管机关海难救助的内涵、特点、介入方式以及国内外立法等方面对国家主管机关海难救助进行概述。第二章,对国家主管机关海难救助的性质进行分析,对比分析了传统海难救助的性质,提出了海难救助的本质是“创造并分割额外价值”的观点,并以此作为理论基础论证了国家主管机关海难救助几种形式的性质。第三章,主要分析国家主管机关的海难救助在不同情形下的法律关系,对国家主管机关海难救助各形式下各方的法律地位进行分析,并明确了国家主管机关及其他救助参与人的权利与义务。第四章,将国家主管机关海难救助的报酬请求权作为此章的核心问题,并分情况对主管机关的报酬请求权及相关问题进行了论述,并分析了确认主管机关报酬请求权的原则。第五章,结合全文的观点和结论,对我国国家主管机关海难救助的立法完善和制度构建提出观点,借鉴了外国相关制度,并提出了对我国法律修改和完善的建议。
[Abstract]:Salvage at sea has always been a special system in maritime law. With the development of this system, the national competent authority has become the main body of salvage at sea. In the process of getting involved in and carrying out the salvage at sea, there are many differences from the traditional salvage. These differences have also caused some problems in the rescue of the maritime disaster by the competent authorities of the state. These problems often lead to disputes over the acquisition of compensation claims by the competent national authorities for salvage at sea, and unnecessary litigation, which reduces administrative efficiency and results in waste. In order to solve these problems, This paper discusses the following aspects:. The first chapter summarizes the connotation, characteristics, methods of intervention and domestic and foreign legislation of the salvage of the national competent authority at sea. In the second chapter, the author analyzes the nature of the national competent authority's salvage at sea, compares the nature of the traditional salvage, and puts forward the viewpoint that the essence of the salvage is "creating and dividing the extra value". On the basis of this theory, the author demonstrates the nature of several forms of salvage by the competent authorities. The third chapter, mainly analyzes the legal relationship of the competent authorities in different situations, and analyzes the legal status of all parties under the various forms of shipwrecked rescue by the competent authorities of the state. It also clarifies the rights and obligations of the national authorities and other relief participants. Chapter 4th takes the compensation claim right of the competent authority for salvage at sea as the core issue of this chapter, and discusses the compensation claim right of the competent authority and its related problems according to the situation, and analyzes the principle of confirming the compensation claim right of the competent authority. Chapter 5th, combined with the views and conclusions of the full text, puts forward the views on the legislative perfection and system construction of salvage by the competent authorities of our country, draws lessons from the relevant foreign systems, and puts forward some suggestions for the amendment and perfection of the law of our country.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294

【参考文献】