船舶登记法律效力问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 19:30

本文关键词： 船舶登记物权变动登记生效登记对抗第三人　出处：《大连海事大学》2003年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 所谓船舶登记，是指赋予船舶以国籍和权利与义务的行为，，即对船舶享有某种权利的人，向国家授权的船舶登记机关提出申请并提交相应的文件，经船舶登记机关审查，对符合法定条件的船舶予以注册，并以国家的名义签发相应证书的法律事实。在市场经济条件下，船舶的营运会经常涉及到船舶物权的变动，其公示方法就是登记。登记法律制度是一个既重要又复杂的法律体系，尤其是登记的效力更是理论界争论不休的问题，物权立法当然应将其作为立法的重点内容之一。我国海商法关于船舶登记的效力采用国际上通行的“登记对抗主义”，这与民法、担保法中一贯采取的登记生效主义相冲突。中国正着手进行新的市场经济条件下的物权立法运动，其中物权变动应采用何种模式，将是摆在立法者面前一项至为重要且必须做出明确抉择的重要问题，尤其是对船舶、汽车、航空器等动产应否绝对改行统一的登记生效主义还是继续实行其登记对抗主义，必须表明立场。笔者认为登记对抗主义既有利于交易安全、迅捷，又不损害交易公平，当属船舶交易关系的最佳模式。因此，笔者在以下的行文中先从传统民法中的登记效力着手，通过对登记对抗主义和登记生效主义法律制度及理论的比较研究，结合第三人范围的界定问题，探讨船舶登记法律制度存在的问题和效力模式的选择，以期对现行法律的修改与完善略抒管见。
[Abstract]:The so-called ship registration refers to the act of endowing the ship with nationality and rights and obligations, that is, the person who enjoys certain rights against the ship applies to the ship registration authority authorized by the state and submits the corresponding documents, which are examined by the ship registration authority. The legal fact that ships that meet the statutory requirements are registered and issued in the name of the state. Under the market economy, the operation of ships often involves changes in the real rights of ships, Registration legal system is an important and complex legal system, especially the effectiveness of registration is a controversial issue in the theoretical circle. Of course, the legislation of real right should be regarded as one of the key contents of the legislation. The maritime law of our country adopts the internationally prevailing "register antagonism" on the effectiveness of ship registration, which is in line with the civil law. The principle of registration effectiveness that has always been adopted in the guaranty law is in conflict. China is embarking on the legislative movement of real right under the new market economy, in which what kind of mode should be adopted for the change of real right? It will be an important issue before legislators that must be decided clearly, especially whether the chattel, such as ships, cars and aircraft, should be changed absolutely to the principle of uniform registration effectiveness or should it continue to implement its registration adversarial doctrine. The author thinks that registration antagonism is not only beneficial to trade safety and speed, but also does not impair the fairness of the transaction, it should be the best mode of ship trading relationship. The author begins with the registration effect in the traditional civil law, through the comparative study of the legal system and theory of registration antagonism and registration effectivism, and combines with the definition of the scope of the third party. This paper probes into the problems existing in the legal system of ship registration and the choice of the effective mode in order to express some views on the revision and perfection of the current law.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D913

【引证文献】