试论清末银行立法的内容、特点和历史地位

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:15

本文选题：清末 + 银行立法　；参考：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：清末银行立法是清末变法修律的重要组成部分，也是近代以来中国银行立法的初次尝试。作为近代银行业监管的首次立法，清末银行立法产生的影响是不容忽视的。为了能够合理地评价和定位此次银行立法的历史地位，本文从法律史学的角度，对清末中央政府银行立法成果进行了综合的梳理和考察，主要从立法背景、制定颁行过程、内容特点和意义影响四个方面着手，旨在说明清末我国银行业的首批立法的内在与外在动因，并着重对立法的内容和特点进行归纳总结，以期对这次立法作出相对全面的考察和客观的评价。全文共分四个部分，第一部分主要介绍清末银行法的背景和动因，，简述了清末的商业环境、外商银行和本土银行之发展状况等背景因素，以及直接与银行立法最密切相关的清政府财政危机和商律修订情形。从第一部分的论述可知，晚清社会经济、政治和文化的多元化状况都与银行法的产生有着千丝万缕的联系，而对银行法的产生发展起着决定性作用的是近代新式银行的产生和近代商法的修订。第二部分内容是“清末银行法规的制定和颁行”，这一部分首先对我国古代金融立法进行了简明梳理，解析中国历来的金融管理法制状况，在传统中国的政治和文化体制下，传统的金融立法是可以适应社会发展需要的，而在受到外部因素强烈冲击清末社会，不成体系又相对匮乏的金融立法显然已不适应社会经济发展了；接着以时间为顺序介绍了清末八部银行法的制定和颁布过程。第三部分是文章的重点部分，文章以《大清光绪新法令》中收录的七部银行法规为主体，分三个类别，对清末这次银行立法的内容进行了整理和归纳，并以内容为基础，总结出来清末变法修律时期制定的银行法规的主要特点，即表现在外在的移植特征、发展进程中的政府主导特性和凸显在银行体系中的一般性立法和专门立法分类。第四部分论述清末银行立法的历史地位问题，着重从清末的这次银行立法的意义本身和其对北洋政府时期银行立法的影响两个方面展开，其自身积极意义体现在主动性、开放性和进步性方面，其对北洋政府时期银行立法的影响主要是它奠定了这一时期的立法框架。通过对清末银行立法背景、内容和特点的初步考察，笔者认为清末银行立法的主要特征是呈现出明显的移植性、应急性和超前性。这一时期所颁布的法规章程性规定偏多、普遍适用性法规量少，并且在发展早期就特别制定了专门性银行立法。在今天看来，在清末最后几年里制定颁行的银行法确实是粗陋且不完备的，在其适用过程中也不能充分发挥相应作用，然而不得不承认这在当时中国的环境和形势中也是一种莫大的进步，迈出了我国近代银行业监管的第一步，并对此后的银行立法监管产生了一定影响。
[Abstract]:In order to properly evaluate and locate the historical status of the banking legislation , this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and investigation on the legislative results of the central government in the end of Qing Dynasty .

The first part mainly introduces the background and motivation of the bank law in the late Qing Dynasty , the background factors such as the commercial environment of the late Qing Dynasty , the development of foreign commercial banks and local banks , and the situation of government financial crisis and business law which are closely related to the banking legislation . From the first part , it is clear that the social economy , politics and culture are closely related to the development of the bank law .

The second part is the formulation and enactment of the Bank ' s Regulation of the Late Qing Dynasty . This part firstly makes a brief analysis of the Chinese ancient financial legislation , analyzes the legal situation of China ' s historical financial management , and in the traditional Chinese political and cultural system , the traditional financial legislation can adapt to the social development needs , but the financial legislation which is not the system and the relatively scarce financial legislation has not been adapted to the development of the social economy .
Then , the paper introduces the formulation and promulgation process of the Bank Law of the end of Qing Dynasty .

The third part is the key part of the article . The article summarizes and sums up the contents of the bank ' s legislation in the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty , and summarizes the main characteristics of the bank ' s regulations formulated during the period of the late Qing Dynasty .

The fourth part discusses the historical status of the bank ' s legislation in the end of Qing Dynasty . It focuses on the significance of the bank ' s legislation in the late Qing Dynasty and its influence on the banking legislation of the North American government . Its positive significance lies in the initiative , openness and progressiveness . Its influence on the banking legislation of the North American government is mainly the legislative framework of this period .

Through the preliminary investigation of the background , contents and characteristics of the Bank ' s legislation in the Qing Dynasty , the author believes that the main characteristics of the Bank ' s legislation in the end of the Qing Dynasty are obviously transplanted , and should be acute and superlative . In the last few years of the Qing Dynasty , we have formulated special bank legislation , but we have to admit that it is also a kind of great progress in the process of its application . However , it is necessary to admit that it is also a kind of great progress in the environment and the situation in China .

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.281

【参考文献】