租约仲裁条款并入提单效力问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 17:26

本文选题：仲裁条款 + 并入条款　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：提单一直都是海上货物贸易的关键,在航运实务中产生的各种与提单有关的纠纷也是海商法学界关注的焦点。其中在租约仲裁条款并入至提单中所引起的一系列问题,在近十年备受关注。本文主要围绕租约仲裁条款的有效形式和仲裁条款并入的有效形式等方面探讨租约仲裁条款并入提单的效力问题。文章主要分为三个部分：引文、正文和结论。正文共有三章。引文主要简述了本文的写作目的和意义。正文主要结合相关案例,剖析我国现行《海商法》、《仲裁法》和《中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会仲裁规则》的相关规定,再结合对国际上与之有关的国际公约,例如《承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约》、《联合国国际贸易法委员会国际商事仲裁示范法》、《鹿特丹规则》等的理解,对租约仲裁条款并入提单问题作了详细的论述。第一章阐述的问题比较基础。首先概括介绍了航次租船合同、定期租船合同和光船租赁合同的性质以及其对认定并入条款效力的影响。通过对基本问题的介绍,使读者对本文所要进一步阐述的问题有一个基本的概念。其次,本章介绍了租约仲裁条款的有效形式以及租约仲裁协议的签订方式。第二章进入了本文的主题,主要是对针对仲裁条款并入到提单中需注意的问题做一个系统的阐述。首先是对有效并入仲裁条款时措词上的要求。主要探讨了仲裁条款是否需要特殊并入到提单中才发生效力的问题。并列举了英美这两大航运发达国家的做法以作参考,同时从仲裁条款独立性的理论角度阐述了特殊并入的必要性。其次针对并入提单的仲裁条款所属租约的识别问题展开论述。在这部分的开篇阐述了对于并入提单的仲裁条款所属租约识别的原因和必要性,随之列举了我国司法实践中的做法和英国与此有关的案例,并总结出了识别的基本方法。最后分析了并入的仲裁条款对提单持有人的效力问题。第三章主要介绍我国立法、司法方面在租约仲裁条款并入提单效力问题上的不足以及完善方式。在不足之处中主要说明的是我国对租约的识别过于片面。其次是对于仲裁协议的生效要件过于苛刻,当事人之间的合意没有发挥充分。在完善方式方面,本章主要针对我国现行的《海商法》提出了不同的完善意见。结语部分表明了笔者的立场,我国立法对于并入条款方面的规定少之又少,更何况租约仲裁条款并入到提单这一问题。所以我国司法机关主要是参考国外的先进理念解决这一问题。但是在参考、借鉴的同时也有一些与我国国情不相容之处需要进一步完善。同时修改完善我国的相关立法,以便指导司法实践,促进我国航运事业的蓬勃发展。
[Abstract]:Bill of lading has always been the key of maritime cargo trade, and various disputes related to bill of lading in shipping practice are also the focus of attention in the field of maritime law. A series of problems caused by the incorporation of the lease arbitration clause into the bill of lading have attracted much attention in the past ten years. This paper focuses on the effective form of arbitration clause of lease and the effective form of incorporation of arbitration clause, and discusses the validity of the incorporation of arbitration clause of lease into bill of lading. The article is divided into three parts: citation, text and conclusion. There are three chapters in the text. Citation mainly describes the purpose and significance of this paper. Combining with relevant cases, the text analyzes the relevant provisions of China's current Maritime Law, Arbitration Law and Arbitration rules of the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, and combines with the relevant international conventions. For example, the interpretation of the Convention on the recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, the Rotterdam rules, etc., discusses in detail the incorporation of lease arbitration clauses into bills of lading. The first chapter elaborates the question comparison foundation. Firstly, it introduces the nature of voyage charter contract, term charter contract and bareboat charter contract and their influence on the validity of the confirmation of incorporation clause. Through the introduction of the basic problems, readers have a basic concept of the problems to be further elaborated in this paper. Secondly, this chapter introduces the effective form of the lease arbitration clause and the signing of the lease arbitration agreement. The second chapter enters the theme of this paper, mainly for the arbitration clause incorporated into the bill of lading to do a systematic elaboration. The first is the requirement of wording for effective incorporation into the arbitration clause. This paper mainly discusses whether the arbitration clause should be incorporated into the bill of lading before it becomes effective. It also lists the practices of the two major shipping developed countries such as the United States and the United States for reference, and expounds the necessity of special incorporation from the angle of the independence of arbitration clauses. Secondly, the identification of the lease of arbitration clause incorporated into bill of lading is discussed. At the beginning of this part, the reasons and necessity of identifying the lease of arbitration clause incorporated into bill of lading are expounded, and the practice in our judicial practice and the cases related to this in Britain are listed, and the basic methods of identification are summarized. Finally, the effect of the arbitration clause on the holder of bill of lading is analyzed. The third chapter mainly introduces our country legislation, the judicial aspect in the lease arbitration clause merges the bill of lading in the question the insufficiency and the consummation way. The main explanation in the deficiency is that the recognition of lease in our country is too one-sided. Secondly, it is too harsh for the arbitration agreement, and the agreement between the parties is not given full play. In the consummation way, this chapter mainly puts forward the different consummation opinion according to the present maritime law of our country. The conclusion shows the author's position that there are very few regulations on the incorporation clause in our country's legislation, not to mention that the arbitration clause of the lease is incorporated into the bill of lading. Therefore, our judicial organs mainly refer to foreign advanced ideas to solve this problem. But at the same time, there are some incompatibility with our national conditions need to be further improved. At the same time, we should revise and perfect the relevant legislation in order to guide the judicial practice and promote the vigorous development of China's shipping industry.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.7;D922.294

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