论海上货物运输中的交付不着的法律问题

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:02

本文选题：海上货物运输 + 交付不着　；参考：《大连海事大学》2002年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在海事审判实践中，因无人向承运人提示提单要求提货而引起的纠纷，是当前不断增长的海上货物运输合同案件中的一类。由于解决此类纠纷的法律依据不够充分，有限的法律法规条文不够严谨，既互有矛盾冲突之处，又与实践操作的可行性相脱节，因此在承运人、实际承运人、托运人、提单背书人、收货人等主体之间，缺乏统一的、明确的权利义务划分的界限。为了更好地平衡船货各方主体的权利义务，本文在比较《海商法》《合同法》相关条文基础上，特别提出了“交付不着”的概念，以揭示无人提货、延迟提货或拒绝提货等事实的本质特征，，并且基于交付不着会产生承运人交付义务免除、注意义务减轻以及有权主张损害赔偿请求的后果，本文详细界定或阐释了交付不着的构成要件，以防止承运人滥作抗辩。针对当前承运人因交付不着寻求法律救济时可能遇到的诸多困境，本文更多地从司法的角度，从诉讼主体、诉讼时效、诉讼程序等方面着手，探讨了权利行使的主体、对象、诉讼时效以及权利行使的范围和权利行使的方式等法律问题，以期围绕交付不着主题，尽可能全面地提出一个解决此类问题的方案。其中特别评述了当前承运人、海关处置交付不着货物时遇到的法律局限，并适当地提出了有关处置方式的完善方向。总体而言，海上货物运输中的交付不着的法律问题，是一个值得重视的兼有理论和实践双重意义的法律问题，有必要在今后的立法和司法活动中加以充实丰富。
[Abstract]:In the practice of maritime trial, the disputes caused by the non-presentation of bill of lading to the carrier for delivery of goods is one of the increasing cases of contract of carriage of goods by sea. As the legal basis for resolving such disputes is inadequate and the limited legal provisions are not strict enough, there are contradictions and conflicts between them and the feasibility of practical operation. Therefore, in the case of the carrier, the actual carrier, the shipper, The bill of lading indorser, consignee and other subjects, lack of a unified, clear division of rights and obligations. In order to better balance the rights and obligations of the parties, this paper, on the basis of comparing the relevant articles of the Maritime Law and the contract Law, puts forward the concept of "no delivery", so as to reveal that no one has taken delivery of the goods. The essential characteristics of the facts such as late delivery or refusal to take delivery, and based on the fact that failure to deliver would give rise to a waiver of the carrier's obligation to deliver, the mitigation of the obligation to pay attention and the right to claim damages, This article defines or explains in detail the undeliverable elements in order to prevent the carrier from overdefending. In view of the many difficulties that the carrier may encounter when he fails to seek legal remedy for delivery, this paper probes into the subject and object of the exercise of the right from the angle of judicature, from the aspects of the subject of action, limitation of action, procedure and so on. The legal problems such as the limitation of action and the scope of the exercise of the right and the way of the exercise of the right are expected to put forward a plan to solve these problems as comprehensively as possible around the subject of no delivery. In particular, the legal limitations encountered by the current carrier in handling the undelivered goods are reviewed, and the direction of perfection of the disposal methods is put forward appropriately. In general, the legal problem which cannot be delivered in the carriage of goods by sea is a legal problem of both theoretical and practical significance that deserves attention, and it is necessary to enrich it in the legislative and judicial activities in the future.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：D923;D922.294

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