海上货物运输合同当事人的法律地位研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:39

本文选题：承运人 + 托运人　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 作为海上货物运输合同关系的双方,托运人和承运人的权利义务责任的划分和双方的权益保护有着相当重要的关系,而这种区分的前提是对于承托双方的身份和主体作出识别。由于我国《海商法》在制定之时缺乏广泛的司法实践基础,国际上没有相应的条约可以借鉴,因此对很多问题只做了简单的规定,有学者已经意识到此类问题,针对某一方面发表了观点,但海商法学界对之进行比照研究的不多。本文从合同相对性原则及其突破的研究角度出发,以船货双方利益平衡为研究价值出发点,从承运人、托运人和收货人三个方面分析了海上货物运输合同关系方主要的权利义务责任。在承运人方面,根据海运实践的特点,着重分析了承运人的识别以及实际承运人和无船承运人相关热点问题。在托运人方面,主要针对我国《海商法》对其定义不明确导致理论实践中产生的分歧,提出将其分别定义为“缔约托运人”和“交货托运人”并相应划分权利义务责任体系。在收货人方面,从合同第三方的地位特点出发与相关概念区别并明确其权利义务责任。在此基础上,本文还针对我国《海商法》的有关内容提出了相应立法建议,以期对我国的立法部门和航运实践能起到一定参考作用。本文的宗旨就是想在明确界定海上货物运输合同当事人的前提下,从双方的权利、义务及责任研究着手,在充分考虑海商法的特殊性和国际公约和各国实践经验的基础上,找到两者契合之处,解决我国海商法中由于理论缺陷所带来的某些实务问题,从而使承托方都能找到一个最佳的利益平衡点,更好的维护自己的合法权益,对于进一步促进我国海运和经济贸易的发展,使其与国际同行业尽快接轨有重要的实践意义。
[Abstract]:As the two parties in the contract of carriage of goods by sea, the division of the rights and obligations between the shipper and the carrier and the protection of the rights and interests of both parties have a very important relationship, and the premise of this distinction is to identify the identity and subject of the supporting parties. Due to the lack of extensive judicial practice foundation at the time of the establishment of Maritime Law in our country, there are no corresponding treaties in the world to draw lessons from, so there are only simple provisions on many problems, and some scholars have already realized this kind of problems. A point of view has been made, but there are few comparative studies in the field of maritime law. From the point of view of the principle of relativity of contract and its breakthrough, this paper takes the balance of the interests of both parties of the ship and cargo as the starting point of study value, and from the carrier, The shipper and consignee analyze the main rights and obligations of the parties involved in the contract of carriage of goods by sea. In terms of carrier, according to the characteristics of shipping practice, the identification of carrier and the hot issues related to actual carrier and non-ship carrier are analyzed. In respect of shippers, aiming at the differences in theory and practice caused by the lack of clear definition in Maritime Law of our country, it is proposed that they be defined as "contracting shipper" and "shipper of delivery" respectively, and the system of rights and obligations is divided accordingly. In the case of consignee, it distinguishes itself from relevant concepts and clarifies its rights and obligations from the status and characteristics of contract third parties. On this basis, this paper also puts forward the corresponding legislative suggestions in view of the relevant contents of China's Maritime Law, in order to play a certain reference role in the legislative departments and shipping practice of our country. The purpose of this paper is to study the rights, obligations and responsibilities of both parties on the premise of defining clearly the parties to a contract for the carriage of goods by sea, on the basis of fully considering the particularity of maritime law, the international conventions and the practical experience of various countries. Find out the agreement between the two, solve some practical problems caused by the theoretical defects in the maritime law of our country, so that both parties can find a best balance of interests, and better safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. It is of great practical significance to further promote the development of China's shipping and economic trade, and to make it in line with the international trade as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D922.294

【引证文献】