有限责任公司股东退出机制刍论

发布时间：2018-04-29 02:25

本文选题：股东退出 + 优先购买权　；参考：《苏州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 有限责任公司股东退出机制是保障公司少数股东的合法权益和公司主体持续稳定经营的重要制度,但是我国《公司法》多年来一直都没有涉及,直至2005年修订后才对有限责任公司股东的股权转让、股权回购、解散公司的权利有所规定,然而在实践操作中仍然面临着诸多的困难和障碍,股东权益的保障仍然步履维艰。本文立足于建立股东退出机制的四大法理依据:第一,允许股东退出是完善有限责任公司人合性的必然要求,也是公司“诚信义务理论”的内涵;第二,允许股东退出是对有限责任公司封闭性制度的矫正;第三,允许股东退出体现了商法中契约自由的基本精神,也是“公司契约理论”的基本含义;第四,允许股东退出有利于克服资本多数决原则的弊端,也是“合理期待理论”的要求。作者分析了我国目前的法律规定和存在的问题,借鉴了中国台湾地区、美国、英国、德国、日本等普通法系和大陆法系国家的公司法相关规定和宝贵的实践经验。作者最后对我国有限责任公司股东退出机制的建设和完善提出了几点司法实践操作思路:第一,厘清股权转让的条件及优先购买权的行使;第二,明确公司章程不得限制股东退出;第三,建立小股东请求强制退股(公司回购)的司法途径;第四,建立除名制度;第五,健全公司解散的司法保障途径。通过上述司法实践操作思路及进一步的细化研究,以求推动我国学者对有限责任公司股东退出机制进一步深入研究和促进公司制度的健全发展。
[Abstract]:The withdrawal mechanism of shareholders of limited liability companies is an important system to protect the legal rights and interests of minority shareholders and the company's main body to operate continuously and stably, but the Company Law of our country has not been involved in it for many years. It is not until 2005 that the rights of shareholders of limited liability company are transferred, repurchased and dissolved. However, in practice, there are still many difficulties and obstacles, and the protection of shareholders' rights and interests is still difficult. This paper is based on the four legal basis of establishing the mechanism of shareholder withdrawal: first, allowing shareholders to withdraw is the inevitable requirement of perfecting the personality of limited liability company, and is also the connotation of the theory of "good faith obligation" of the company; second, Allowing shareholders to withdraw is a correction to the closed system of limited liability companies; third, allowing shareholders to withdraw reflects the basic spirit of the freedom of contract in commercial law, and is also the basic meaning of "corporate contract theory"; fourth, Allowing shareholders to withdraw is beneficial to overcome the drawback of the principle of capital majority decision, and is also the requirement of "reasonable expectation theory". The author analyzes the current legal provisions and existing problems in China, and draws lessons from the relevant provisions and valuable practical experiences of the common law and civil law countries of China, Taiwan, the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and other common law and civil law countries. Finally, the author puts forward several judicial practical operating ideas on the construction and perfection of shareholder withdrawal mechanism in China's limited liability company: first, clarifying the conditions of equity transfer and the exercise of preemptive right; second, Make it clear that the articles of association should not limit the withdrawal of shareholders; third, establish a judicial channel for minority shareholders to request compulsory withdrawal of shares (company repurchase); fourth, establish a delisting system; fifth, improve the judicial safeguard for the dissolution of a company. Through the above judicial practice operation train of thought and further detailed research, in order to promote our scholars to the limited liability company shareholder withdrawal mechanism further in-depth research and promote the sound development of the company system.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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