提单并入条款法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:21

本文选题：航次租船合同 + 提单　；参考：《西南政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 租约条款并入提单会对提单当事方的权利、义务产生巨大的影响。由于我国相关立法存在缺陷,导致司法实践对于提单并入条款法律问题的混乱状况。提单并入条款所引起的法律争议故被称为《海商法》中的“灰色地带”,严重影响了我国对外贸易的发展,使得对该问题的研究具有重大的理论价值与现实意义。本文主要运用比较研究与案例分析的方法,通过比较、汲取英美法长期积累的经验,结合我国立法与司法的实际情况,对提单并入条款法律问题进行初步的探讨。全文共计三万余字,除引言和结束语,分为四章: 第一章“提单并入条款概述”,本章首先通过对提单与租船合同的简要介绍,解释了提单并入条款产生的原因与含义,指出本文所讨论的提单并入条款源于航次租船合同下签发的提单。接着对如何正确识别提单并入条款法律关系当事人,即承运人与提单持有人进行分析。最后,结合英美法合同解释的一般原则与提单并入条款法律问题的特殊性,对提单并入条款的解释原则做出总结。第二章“提单并入条款的形式与内容”,本章通过比较英国Rena-K案与美国Son Shipping案中两国法官的不同观点,旨在说明虽然同属一个法系,但是英美两国对于提单并入条款的形式却存在着不同的要求。在分析提单并入条款的内容时,以英国Annefield案、美国Otto案等诸多经典案例为基础,通过重点比较英国法已成体系的审判规则与美国法所体现出的最大限度发挥法官自由裁量权的灵活性,指出两国对于租约仲裁条款并入提单问题的分歧所在。第三章“提单并入条款的法律效力要件”,本章主要研究提单并入条款产生法律效力所必备的五个要件。首先对于提单并入条款的法律适用问题提出笔者自己的见解。随后重点以San Nicholas案为基础,介绍英国法对欲并入提单租约的识别原则及例外;以Merak案、Miramar案、Rena-k案为基础,阐释英国法对于租约中与提单主题相关条款和租约仲裁条款并入提单时进行语言调整所体现的不同态度。第四章“我国现状及完善建议”,本章通过分析我国现行《海商法》、《仲裁法》中与提单并入条款相关条文之缺陷,如前者第95条规定过于粗糙,与其它条款明显存在冲突,后者不承认临时仲裁,导致与仲裁核心理念不符,也有违当今国际流行做法,并提出相应完善建议。随后笔者引出我国司法实践对于提单并入条款法律问题的混乱状态,指出为了保护我国善意提单持有人的正当利益,促进国际贸易的健康发展,我国对于提单并入条款的形式要求应当借鉴英国法区分普通并入条款和特殊并入条款的做法。最后通过分析否定提单并入租约仲裁条款效力的三种模式,即:直接否定租约仲裁条款效力模式;承认租约仲裁条款的效力,但否认其可以并入提单模式;承认租约仲裁条款效力,也肯定其可以并入提单,但认为它对提单持有人无约束力模式,指出其不合理之处,从而得出笔者对于该问题所持的肯定态度。
[Abstract]:The law dispute arising from the incorporation of bill of lading is known as " grey zone " in the law of lading , which seriously affects the development of foreign trade in China , so that the study of the problem has great theoretical value and practical significance .

This paper mainly uses comparative study and case analysis method , compares and draws the experience of long - term accumulation of Anglo - American law , combines the actual situation of legislation and justice of our country , and makes a preliminary discussion on the law of the incorporation of bill of lading .

A total of 30,000 words , in addition to the introduction and concluding remarks , are divided into four chapters :

Chapter One provides an overview of the Bill of Lading incorporated in the Bill of Lading . Firstly , this chapter explains the reason and meaning of the incorporation clause of the bill of lading , and points out that the Bill of Lading discussed in this article is derived from the bill of lading issued under the contract of the voyage charter party .

In the second chapter , " Bill of lading is incorporated into the form and content of clauses " , this chapter compares the different views of the two judges in the case of British Rena - K and Son Shipping in the United States .

Chapter Three discusses the five elements necessary to merge the Bill of Lading into the clauses of the bill of lading . Firstly , the author puts forward the author ' s own opinions on the legal application of the bill of lading .

The author points out that in order to protect the legitimate interests of the holder of the good faith bill of lading and to promote the healthy development of international trade , the author points out that in order to protect the legitimate interests of the holder of the good faith bill of lading and to promote the healthy development of international trade , the author points out that in order to protect the legitimate interests of the holder of the good faith bill of lading and to promote the healthy development of international trade , the author points out that in order to protect the validity of the arbitration clause of the lease , it is certain that it can be incorporated into the bill of lading .

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D996.19

【引证文献】