交易习惯之研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 11:38

本文选题：交易习惯 + 立法规定　；参考：《山西大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：交易习惯已经被合同法所广泛确认,在司法实践中的运用也十分普遍。我国《合同法》有诸多条文明确规定了交易习惯的适用,首次以基本法的形式确认了交易习惯的规范效力,确定了交易习惯在民商法法律中的重要地位,是我国法律的一大进步。但不得不提的是,《合同法》虽然对交易习惯有所涉及,但是对其司法适用的规定却很笼统和模糊,导致法官在案件审理中难以操作,使其成为只有法条规定却无法具体运用的“空规定”,对当事人的权利保护极为不利。2009年新通过的《合同法》司法解释(二)第七条专门对交易习惯进行了说明,从两个方面规定了交易习惯的确定规则,并提出了交易习惯的举证责任。这显然是我国法律的又一大进步,但是交易习惯是一个很抽象的概念,仅用一个条文并不能完全解释其内涵。在司法实践中,交易习惯的适用仍遇到了很多的障碍,这都会影响到当事人权利义务的合理分配和法院审判工作的顺利开展。为此,本文选择以交易习惯为研究对象,对交易习惯进行分析研究,希望能对我国法律适用起到借鉴作用。全文共有四章内容,分别对交易习惯的理论知识、立法规定及司法适用进行论述。第一章主要论述了交易习惯的相关理论问题。从习惯与习惯法入手,引出交易习惯,并分别阐述了交易习惯的概念与特征、交易习惯的性质、交易习惯的构成要件等方面。笔者综合分析各学者的观点,结合所学法学知识,对各学者的观点进行分析,从而得出本文观点。第二章笔者运用列举、比较与综合分析的方法评述了两大法系主要国家对交易习惯的相关规定。第三章研究了我国交易习惯的相关立法规定。对我国《合同法》、《合同法》解释、《物权法》中对交易习惯的相关规定进行介绍,并分别对其进行总结与评价。第四章是关于交易习惯在司法实践中的研究。着重从交易习惯的地位、交易习惯的确认规则、交易习惯的冲突解决、交易习惯的证明等方面进行阐述,并在此基础上提出自己的理解与观点。为了充分论证本文的主题并提高论文质量,论文主要运用了文献研究法、定性方法和实证分析方法等。本文旨在通过对我国交易习惯进行较为深入的探究,对已有研究成果进行补充,进而对交易习惯的司法适用有指导意义。
[Abstract]:Trading habits have been widely recognized by contract law and are widely used in judicial practice. There are many articles in the contract Law of our country that clearly stipulate the application of the trading habits. For the first time, the normative effect of the trading habits is confirmed in the form of the basic Law, and the important position of the trading habits in the civil and commercial law is determined. It is a great progress in the law of our country. However, it has to be mentioned that although the contract Law deals with trading habits, the provisions on its judicial application are very general and vague, which makes it difficult for a judge to operate in the trial of a case. Making it an "empty provision", which only has provisions in the law but cannot be specifically applied, is extremely disadvantageous to the protection of the rights of the parties. Article 7 of the newly adopted Judicial interpretation of the contract Law in 2009 (2) specifically explains the trading habits. The rules of determination of trading habits are defined from two aspects, and the burden of proof of trading habits is put forward. This is obviously another step forward in our country's law, but trading habit is a very abstract concept, and only one article can not completely explain its connotation. In judicial practice, the application of trading habits still meets many obstacles, which will affect the reasonable distribution of the parties' rights and obligations and the smooth development of the court trial work. Therefore, this paper chooses the trading habits as the research object, and analyzes the trading habits, hoping to play a reference role in the application of the law in our country. There are four chapters in this paper, including theoretical knowledge, legislative provisions and judicial application. The first chapter mainly discusses the related theoretical issues of trading habits. Starting with custom and customary law, this paper introduces trading habits, and expounds the concept and characteristics of trading habits, the nature of trading habits, the constitutive requirements of trading habits and so on. The author synthetically analyzes the viewpoints of various scholars, combines the knowledge of law, analyzes the viewpoints of each scholar, and obtains the viewpoint of this paper. In the second chapter, the author reviews the relevant regulations of the two major legal system countries by means of enumeration, comparison and comprehensive analysis. The third chapter studies the relevant legislative provisions of our country's trading habits. This paper introduces the relevant regulations of trade habits in China's contract Law, the interpretation of contract Law and the Real right Law, and summarizes and evaluates them respectively. The fourth chapter is about the transaction custom in the judicial practice research. This paper focuses on the status of trading habits, rules of recognition of trading habits, conflict resolution of trading habits, proof of trading habits and so on, and puts forward his own understanding and viewpoint on this basis. In order to fully demonstrate the theme of this paper and improve the quality of the paper, the paper mainly uses the literature research method, qualitative method and empirical analysis method. The purpose of this paper is to explore the trading habits of our country deeply, to supplement the existing research results, and then to guide the judicial application of trading habits.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】