日本财阀治理

发布时间：2018-05-18 14:46

本文选题：明治维新 + 财阀　；参考：《清华大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：财阀是家族所拥有的多元化企业集团。日本财阀是在1868年明治维新后兴起,由富裕的个人建立的私人企业。它们借助政府的扶持,经营垄断性的行业,随后又进入了多元化发展。一直到二战前,日本财阀无论在数量上还是在规模上的扩张,成为了举世注目的焦点,引领了日本工业化革命,使日本从一个封锁的农业国变成了一个现代的工业化国家。当今大多数世界一流的日本大公司都起源于战前的财阀。研究日本的财阀对理解当今日本模式的公司治理有重大的意义。今天的中国正处于民营企业蓬勃发展的阶段,研究财阀的治理,对如何借鉴日本财阀的经验,更好地依靠政府对民营企业提供支持、予以控制,也同样具有重大的意义。本文所选择的作为案例的财阀,包括三井、三菱、住友、安田、古河、大仓、浅野、藤田8个财阀。这些财阀在各类行业拥有并经营着大型的企业,对整个日本经济施加着强烈的影响。虽然各个财阀的发展历程各不相同,多种多样,但是作为引领者的一流财阀在各方面一直是其他财阀追赶的对象和学习的样板。因此在大多数情况下,都选择三井、三菱和住友财阀的例子来予以说明和分析。本文是在详细考察日本财阀历史的基础之上,从治理的角度对日本财阀进行研究,主要涉及五个方面的问题,(1)财阀兴起。探求财阀家族最早的财富来源,以及在积累财富中的关键因素,如明治时期国营工厂的出售对财阀发展的促进作用,以及多元化战略。并且简要回顾了日本财阀的历史。(2)财阀家族宪章。研究财阀对家族财富的处理和运用方面的规定,这是财阀能够进一步发展的重要资金来源和保证。主要选取三井、住友、安田和三菱的例子。(3)财阀职业经理人的作用。理解财阀如何利用人才来使家族财富保值增值。讨论职业经理人在财阀发展中的重要作用。列举了财阀中几个卓越的经理人成长事例。(4)财阀的组织结构。简述了早期的结构,详细分析商法实施后财阀的重组,以及在1910年前后财阀家族多下属体系的形成。从财阀结构的变迁中,分析财阀组织结构发展变化的内在逻辑。(5)财阀的控制。从控股公司对下属公司的控制角度,以及从财阀家族对职业经理人的控制角度分析财阀的控制,此外还简要分析了财阀银行的作用。本文的结论是,财阀结构是在一定的历史文化背景下有效控制和灵活发展的产物,财阀控制是排外的所有权与进步的管理的结合。
[Abstract]:The chaebol is a diversified business group owned by the family. The Japanese plutocrats were private businesses founded by wealthy individuals after the Meiji Restoration in 1868. With the support of the government, they operated monopoly industries, and then entered into diversified development. Until World War II, the expansion of the Japanese chaebol, both in quantity and in scale, became the focus of the world's attention, leading the Japanese industrial revolution and turning Japan from a locked agricultural country into a modern industrialized country. Most of the world's biggest Japanese companies today originated from pre-war chaebol. It is of great significance to study the Japanese chaebol to understand the corporate governance of the Japanese model. Today China is in the stage of the vigorous development of private enterprises. It is also of great significance to study the governance of the chaebol and how to draw lessons from the experience of the Japanese chaebol and better rely on the government to provide support and control to the private enterprises. The chaebol selected in this paper include 8 chaebol, including Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo, Yasuda, Gohe, Okura, Shieno and Fujita. These chaebol owned and operated large enterprises in various industries, exerting strong influence on the whole Japanese economy. Although the development process of each chaebol is different and varied, the first-class chaebol, as a leader, has always been the object of other chaebol's catching up and the model of learning. So in most cases, the examples of Mitsui, Mitsubishi and Sumitomo chaebol are chosen to illustrate and analyze. Based on a detailed review of the history of the Japanese chaebol, this paper studies the Japanese chaebol from the perspective of governance, mainly involving five aspects: the rise of the chaebol. To explore the earliest sources of wealth of the chaebol family and the key factors in the accumulation of wealth, such as the role of the sale of state-owned factories in the Meiji period in promoting the development of the chaebol, and the diversification strategy. And a brief review of the history of the Japanese chaebol. 2) the charters of the chaebol family. It is an important source of funds and guarantee for the chaebol to develop further. Mainly select Mitsui, Sumitomo, Yasuda and Mitsubishi examples. Understand how chaebol use talent to maintain and increase the value of family wealth. This paper discusses the important role of professional managers in the development of chaebol. The organizational structure of the chaebol is listed in this paper. This paper briefly describes the early structure, analyzes in detail the reorganization of chaebol after the implementation of commercial law, and the formation of multi-subordinate system of chaebol family around 1910. This paper analyzes the internal logic of the development and change of the chaebol's organizational structure from the change of the chaebol structure) the control of the chaebol. This paper analyzes the control of the chaebol from the perspective of controlling the subordinate company by the holding company and the control of the professional manager from the perspective of the chaebol family. In addition, the paper also briefly analyzes the role of the chaebol bank. The conclusion of this paper is that the chaebol structure is the product of effective control and flexible development under a certain historical and cultural background, and the chaebol control is the combination of exclusive ownership and progressive management.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F279.313

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