金融消费者外延之惑的求解

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:10

本文选题：金融消费者 + 弱者保护理念　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：2008年美国次贷危机爆发,金融消费者保护制度的缺位成为了危机爆发的诱因之一。由于危机造成灾难性后果,发达国家纷纷开始反思本国金融消费者保护制度的不足,在金融立法领域掀起改革风潮。作为世界经济体的成员,金融消费者保护也成为我国金融法制领域讨论的最新课题。但“金融消费者”在我国尚属于新生事物,并未成为一个确定的法律概念,理论界相关的探讨也寥寥可数,且争议和矛盾不断。在现代民商法领域,弱者保护理念不断加强,在认识到金融消费者弱势地位的基础上,向其提供倾斜性保护就此成为法律的必然选择。但就立法现状而言,在我国要真正实现金融消费者保护,首先就必须厘清“金融消费者”这一范畴本身,否则围绕其更深一步的法律研究根本无法开展。在这一背景下,尽量给出金融消费者清晰的法律界定,并提出解决其外延困惑问题的方法,也就成为本文的立意所在。因此,本文通过比较归纳、历史分析及实证分析的方法,借鉴国外的相关立法经验,认识我国现行金融消费者界定存在的问题,以求给出其尽量清晰的法律界定,粗略划定其范围,并提出彻底解决金融消费者外延困惑问题,向其提供类型化保护的初步设想。引言以下,全文共分为四个部分,围绕金融消费者的外延展开研究: 第一部分,围绕“金融消费者—弱者—弱者保护”的思路,探讨弱者保护理念的强化这个金融消费者保护的社会历史背景,以做出金融消费者是交易弱势群体的基本判断。在现代民商法领域中,弱势保护理念出现了不断强化的趋势,这一背景使得在立法层面向金融领域的自然人参与者提供弱势保护成为可能。在认识到金融领域,特别是投资领域的自然人参与者弱势地位的基础上,向其提供法律的倾斜性保护措施成为必须。但要实现金融消费者保护,首先就必须尽量界定清楚这一弱势群体的范围。第二部分,围绕“交易强者—交易弱者”的辩证关系及线形演变的主线,详细分析普通自然人参与金融交易活动的领域不断拓展的社会事实,提出在法律上界定金融消费者的现实困境并详细分析其原因。通过借鉴国外金融服务法、消费者权益保护法有关金融消费者的定义,并结合我国的法制实践,分析其外延困惑的表现。并从弱者保护理念的法律演进过程,弱者保护中弱者的渐进性、二分法的局限性以及金融活动的多样性入手,详细分析产生外延之惑的原因。第三部分,在认识到从法律层面界定金融消费者现实困境的基础上,尽可能的粗略划定其范围,以求为金融消费者保护提供一个大致的范围界定。金融消费者就是在复杂投资产品金融领域外的金融领域中购买商品、接受服务的自然人统称。因此,金融消费者的范围在排除了机构投资者以及复杂投资产品领域的参与者后,横跨了整个金融领域。这一范围广泛法律群体的成立,在宣示弱者保护理念在金融领域进一步强化的同时,也意味着同等保护措施不能够适用于该类主体。第四部分提出金融消费者类型化保护的初步设想,将传统金融消费者与投资类金融消费者区别保护。金融消费者覆盖范围的广泛性,以及外延的不周延问题共同导致分类保护理念在该领域的确立。传统金融消费者保护重在对基本交易规则的规范和强调,着力于格式条款的规制,强制交易的限制,以及消费者获取交易规则的严格要求。投资类金融消费者保护重在信息披露、风险揭示和客户评估,并在评估基础上将普通股投资者和专业投资者区分保护。
[Abstract]:In the light of the disastrous consequences of the crisis , developed countries have begun to reflect on the shortage of the protection system of financial consumers . As a member of the world economy , the protection of financial consumers has become an inevitable choice for the discussion in the field of financial law .

Therefore , through comparative induction , historical analysis and empirical analysis , we draw lessons from the relevant legislative experience abroad , and understand the existing problems in our country ' s current financial consumers .

In the field of modern civil and commercial law , the concept of weak protection has been strengthened . In the field of modern civil and commercial law , the concept of weak protection has been strengthened . In the field of modern civil and commercial law , weak protection becomes necessary . In recognition of the weak position of the participants in the financial field , especially in the field of investment , it is necessary to provide the protection of financial consumers .

In the second part , the author analyzes the social fact that ordinary natural person participates in financial transaction activities in detail , and analyzes its reasons . By using foreign financial services law , consumer rights and welfare protection law to define the financial consumers and analyze its reasons , this paper analyzes the reasons of the existence of extension from the process of legal evolution of the idea of protection of the weak , the limitation of dichotomy and the diversity of financial activity .

In the third part , on the basis of recognizing the realistic predicament of financial consumers from the legal level , the scope of the financial consumers is defined as rough as possible in order to provide a broad definition for the protection of financial consumers . Financial consumers are the natural persons to purchase goods and accept services in the financial field outside the financial field of complex investment products . Therefore , the scope of the financial consumers has crossed the whole financial field after excluding participants in institutional investors and complex investment products .

The fourth part puts forward the preliminary idea of the protection of the type of financial consumers , which distinguishes the traditional financial consumers from the investment class financial consumers . The broad nature of the coverage of the financial consumers and the non - extension of the extension leads to the establishment of the idea of classification protection in this field . The traditional financial consumer protection plays an important role in the regulation of the basic transaction rules , the restriction of the compulsory transaction and the strict requirements of the consumer to obtain the transaction rules . The investment class financial consumer protection plays an important role in the information disclosure , risk revealing and customer evaluation , and distinguishes the common stock investors and professional investors on the basis of the evaluation .
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.8

【参考文献】