海峡两岸涉外物权法律适用规则之比较

发布时间：2018-05-31 01:03

本文选题：海峡两岸 + 物权冲突法　；参考：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：2011年，两岸新国际私法的正式施行标志着两岸国际私法立法取得了历史性的成果。两岸新国际私法中在涉外物权方面的规定大幅增加，意在以更为精密的调整方式应对当今繁杂的物权关系。新法在条文设置上不但明确了物权法律适用的一般规定，更细化了不同物权客体的特殊适用规则，尤其是对运输中的动产、权利物权、有价证券等方面分别进行了规定，并尽可能与国内相关立法精神保持一致，立法范围得到极大扩充。在传统物之所在地法原则出现局限性的情况下，大陆《涉外民事关系法律适用法》以物之所在地法原则和意思自治原则为基础，打破传统，设置了极为灵活的连接点，构建了新的动产物权法律适用规则。对于权利物权和有价证券相关规定的增加，也基本对应了内国民商法所调整的客体范围。但是立法中仍不免存在个别条款立法粗陋，与现行国内实体法立法精神相悖的立法缺陷。台湾“涉外民事法律适用法”在物权领域坚守传统的物之所在地法原则，并在此基础上加以发展，通过软化该僵硬的连接点解决物之所在地动态冲突引发的问题。新的冲突规范把握了不同物权客体与其物之所在地本质上的联系，以新连接点构建更为适当的冲突规范。该法对于最密切联系原则和意思自治原则的引入采取了谨慎的态度，仅在理论积累和实践经验较为充分的有价证券方面引入该弹性连接点，，在法官的自由裁量的空间不至过当的情况下保持了规则的灵活性。两岸新国际私法物权冲突规范的专门性、特定性无疑为法院在今后涉外民商事案件的法律适用问题提供重要的指引，并在解决两岸区际法律冲突中发挥重要作用。本文以两岸新涉外立法中物权法律规则为切入点，通过微观分析、横向比较，梳理出比两岸物权法律适用规则的特点和利弊，以期对我国的立法和司法提出若干建议。
[Abstract]:In 2011, the implementation of the new private international law in both sides of the strait marked the historic achievement of the legislation on private international law. In the new international private law of both sides of the strait, the provisions on foreign real right have been greatly increased in order to deal with the complicated real right relationship in a more sophisticated way. The provisions of the new law not only clarify the general provisions for the application of the real right law, but also refine the special applicable rules for the different objects of real right, especially for the movable property, the real right of rights, the negotiable securities and so on in the transportation. And as far as possible consistent with the spirit of domestic legislation, the scope of legislation has been greatly expanded. In the case of the limitation of the principle of the local law of the traditional property, the law applicable to the civil relations concerning foreign affairs in mainland China is based on the principle of the local law of the property and the principle of autonomy of will, which breaks the tradition and sets up a very flexible connection point. A new legal applicable rule of movable property right is constructed. The increase of rights real right and related provisions of negotiable securities also corresponds to the object scope regulated by the civil and commercial law of China. However, there are still some defects in legislation which are contrary to the spirit of domestic substantive law. The Foreign Civil Law of Taiwan adheres to the traditional principle of the local law of things in the field of real right and develops on this basis to resolve the problems caused by the dynamic conflict of the place of things by softening the rigid connection point. The new conflict criterion grasps the essential relation between the object of different real right and the location of its object, and constructs a more appropriate conflict norm with the new connection point. The method takes a cautious approach to the introduction of the principle of the closest connection and autonomy of will, and only introduces the elastic connection point in respect of securities with abundant theoretical and practical experience. The flexibility of the rules is maintained without too much discretion on the part of the judge. The specialization of the norms of the conflict of real right in the new international private law between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait undoubtedly provides important guidance for the courts in the application of law in civil and commercial cases involving foreign affairs in the future and plays an important role in resolving the conflict of laws between the two sides of the strait. Based on the legal rules of real right in the new legislation concerning foreign affairs of both sides of the Taiwan Strait, this paper, through microcosmic analysis and horizontal comparison, combs out the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the applicable rules of the real right law of the two sides of the strait, in order to put forward some suggestions to the legislation and judicature of our country.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.2

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