《合同法》合同履行新制度对海运合同的适用

发布时间：2018-06-09 05:02

本文选题：向第三人履行的合同 + 由第三人履行的合同　；参考：《大连海事大学》2001年硕士论文

【摘要】： 海上货物运输合同与船舶租用的当事人为了实现各自的目的，，保障各自的权益订立合同，但当事人是否能达到目的，却在于合同的履行，合同履行的好坏直接决定债权人债权是否能得到满足，以及合同订立目的的实现程度。海运合同的履行是依法成立的海运合同所必然发生的法律效果，构成合同法律效力的主要内容，是整个海运合同法律体系的核心。正如有些学者所说的“合同的履行是其他一切法律制度的归宿与延伸”。 1993年开始实施的中国《海商法》随着时间的推移暴露出过时、自相矛盾、疏漏与原有的法律制度不配套等许多问题，制约了海运事业的发展。1999年实施的《合同法》是一部统一的、现代化的、既符合中国实际有与国际接轨的合同法，采纳了许多现代合同法的新制度和新规则，体现在合同履行方面的有：诚实信用履行原则、涉他合同的履行、同时履行抗辩权、先履行抗辩权、不安抗辩权、债权人的代位权和撤销权制度等。根据特殊法与一般法适用的原则，这些《海商法》中未规定过的新制度无疑会为海上货物运输合同和船舶租用合同的履行提供坚强的法律保障。本文借鉴先进国家成熟经验，结合我国已有的法律体制与航运实践，探讨《合同法》中关于合同履行的新制度，在海上货物运输合同与船舶租用合同中具体运用的问题。通过深入理解、灵活的适用这些新制度，海运合同的各方利害关系人可以更有效的保护自己的合法权益，实现自己的合同目的。
[Abstract]:The parties to a contract for the carriage of goods by sea and the chartered ship conclude a contract in order to achieve their respective purposes and safeguard their respective rights and interests, but whether or not the parties can achieve the purpose lies in the performance of the contract, The performance of the contract directly determines whether the creditor's claim can be satisfied and the degree of realization of the purpose of the conclusion of the contract. The performance of the maritime contract is the legal effect of the legally established maritime contract. The main content of the legal effect of the contract is the core of the whole maritime contract legal system. As some scholars say, "the performance of contracts is the home and extension of all other legal systems." China's Maritime Law, which came into effect in 1993, has become obsolete and contradictory over time. Many problems, such as omissions and incompatibility with the original legal system, have restricted the development of maritime transport. The contract Law, which was put into effect in 1999, is a unified, modern one, which is in line with China's actual contract law, which is in line with international standards. Many new systems and rules of modern contract law have been adopted, which are embodied in the following aspects: the principle of good faith performance, the performance of his contract, the right of defense at the same time, the right of first performance of defense, the right of uneasiness of defense, Creditor's subrogation right and rescission right system and so on. In accordance with the principles applicable under special and general law, These new systems, which are not stipulated in the Maritime Law, will undoubtedly provide a strong legal guarantee for the performance of the contract of carriage of goods by sea and the contract of chartering ships. This paper draws lessons from the mature experience of advanced countries. Based on the existing legal system and shipping practice in China, this paper probes into the new system of contract performance in contract Law and its application in the contract of carriage of goods by sea and the contract of chartering ships. Through in-depth understanding, flexible application of these new systems, the parties concerned in marine contracts can more effectively protect their legitimate rights and interests, and achieve their contractual purposes.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：D923.6;D922.294

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