中日电子商务消费者权益法律保护比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 16:42

本文选题：电子商务 + 消费者　；参考：《中国政法大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 电子商务交易的出现,节省了交易的时间与费用,提供了以需求者为主导的服务,并解除了时间与空间的制约,为人们提供了以前想象不到的交易空间,它所具有的交易对象的不定量多数且在一瞬间完成交易的特点、不须书面或面对面而是通过网络交易的特点、事先订立标准化合同的方式进行交易的特点、可以通过网络跨越国界进行国际性交易的特点等,有力地推动了市场经济划时代的变化,从而迅速改变了传统的商务活动模式;它对产业间的融合与经济结构调整产生了极为深刻的影响;它不仅迅速成为21世纪的主要经济贸易方式之一,还逐渐成为衡量一个国家现代化水平与综合国力的重要标志。但是,电子商务的兴起给我们的生活带来极大便利的同时,其跨越式发展也给消费者权益的保护提出了新的挑战。面对挑战,很多电子商务发达的国家,相继在其国内及联盟内出台了一系列法令,以弥补电子商务带来的法律上的空白。有关消费者的权益保护,日本已经形成了一套成熟而行之有效的法律保护体系。在日本,针对电子商务消费者权益保护问题,除《消费者保护基本法》外,还有《电子签名及认证法》、《特别商交易法》、《电子商务合同法》、《国民生活中心法》等,即关于产品安全、关于公平交易等方面都分别制定了详细的法律。配合电子商务的发展,涉及民法、商法、经济法、知识产权法、刑法、行政法、程序法等诸多法律部门及约200部法律的综合电子商务法律体系,并已经基本解决了制约电子商务发展的相关“瓶颈”法律问题及网络消费者的法律问题。而中国目前对电子商务中消费者权益保护的法律规范体系还不健全,有关电子商务消费者权益保护的法律,除了2005年4月1日颁布的《电子签名法》以外,其余的规定都散见于《民法通则》、《合同法》、《消费者权保益保护法》、《电信法》等法律法规中,而且内容简单、散乱,缺陷不少,可操作性不强,远远不能适应电子商务迅速发展所要求的对消费者权益保护的迫切需要。日前网络欺诈、虚假广告、消费者隐私权保护等是中国电子商务消费者面临的最严重问题。这些问题在日本也存在过。纵观中日两国的经济发展及消费者问题的发生、消费者的诉讼习惯、消费心理和支付习惯等等在很大程度上具有相似性。(例如,中日多数消费者权益受害时都不愿意起诉、付款方式多采用现金支付等,而不是像美国人那样喜欢起诉、付款方式只采取统一的信用卡支付方式。)因此,笔者通过对中日电子商务消费者法律保护进行比较研究,认为中国可以借鉴日本消费者权益法律保护的有关立法及规定,例如日本针对电子商务消费者而专门制定的《消费者合同法》、《特别商交易法》中的有关冷却制的规定、《民事诉讼法》中的小额诉讼等,不断完善消费者权益保护法律体系,还消费者一片安全的电子商务交易空间,以推动中国网络经济的健康发展。
[Abstract]:The emergence of e-commerce transaction saves the time and cost of the transaction, provides the service dominated by the demand person, and relieves the time and space constraints, provides people with the previously unimaginable trading space, which has the non quantitative majority of the transaction objects and the characteristics of the transaction in a flash without writing or face-to-face. But through the characteristics of the network transaction, the characteristics of the transaction in the way of concluding the standardized contract in advance can carry on the characteristics of the international trade through the network across the national boundary. It has greatly promoted the epoch-making changes of the market economy, thus quickly changed the traditional mode of business activities; its integration to the industry and the adjustment of its economic structure It has a profound influence; it is not only one of the main ways of economic trade in twenty-first Century, but also an important symbol to measure the level of modernization and comprehensive national strength of a country. However, the rise of e-commerce brings great convenience to our life, and its leapfrog development also protects the rights and interests of consumers. New challenges have come out.
Facing the challenge, many developed countries in electronic commerce have issued a series of decrees in their home and alliance to make up for the legal blank of electronic commerce. In relation to the protection of the rights and interests of consumers, Japan has formed a set of mature and effective legal protection system. In Japan, the consumer of e-commerce, Quan Yibao In addition to the basic law of consumer protection, the protection problems, including the electronic signature and certification law, the special commercial transaction law, the electronic commerce contract law, the national life center law, etc., have formulated detailed laws on the safety of the products, on the fair trade, and other aspects of the development of the electrical sub commerce, involving civil law, commercial law, economic law, and knowledge production. Right law, criminal law, administrative law, procedural law and many other legal departments and about 200 laws of comprehensive electronic commerce legal system, and have basically solved the related "bottleneck" legal issues restricting the development of electronic commerce and the legal problems of Internet consumers. And the legal system of the protection of consumer rights and interests in e-commerce in China is also at present The laws concerning the protection of the rights and interests of consumers in electronic commerce, except for the electronic signature law promulgated in April 1, 2005, are scattered in the laws and regulations such as the general rules of the civil law, the contract law, the consumer rights protection law, the telecommunications law and other laws and regulations, and the contents are simple, scattered, and have a lot of defects, and they are far from well operable. The urgent need to protect the rights and interests of consumers is required to adapt to the rapid development of e-commerce. Internet fraud, false advertising, and the protection of consumer privacy are the most serious problems faced by Chinese Electronic Commerce consumers. These problems exist in Japan. People's litigation habits, consumer psychology and payment habits are very similar. (for example, most of the consumer's rights and interests are not willing to be prosecuted while most of the consumers' rights and interests are injured. A comparative study of the legal protection of Chinese and Japanese e-commerce consumers is made. It is believed that China can draw on the relevant legislation and regulations of the legal protection of Japanese consumer rights and interests, such as the consumer contract law, which is specially formulated by Japan for electronic commerce consumers, the provisions on cooling system in the special commercial law, and the minor in the civil procedure law. In order to promote the healthy development of China's network economy, the legal system for the protection of the rights and interests of consumers is constantly perfected and the consumer has a safe e-business space.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D913

【引证文献】