后合同义务与责任研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 05:06

本文选题：合同义务 + 合同责任　；参考：《大连海事大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 现代经济是市场经济,市场经济又由成千上万个合同关系组成,在这个意义上讲,市场化就是合同化。合同法是民商法的重要组成部分,对调整财产流转关系、规范市场秩序发挥着举足轻重的效用。合同自由原则是古典契约法时期确立起来的至今仍为合同法的重要原则,但随着市场经济的不断发展,古典契约法存在的基础—平等性和互换性,发生了动摇,在很多情形下出现了缔约主体缔约力的失衡,因此现代合同法的许多理念,如契约正义原则、诚实信用原则等开始了对契约绝对自由的修正,其突出表现之一为合同法中合同义务的扩张,附随义务、先合同义务,进而是后合同义务的出现。本论文的研究目标旨在通过对后合同义务的研究,形成体系化的“义务-责任”法律框架,进而构建完整的合同“义务-责任”体系,使我国合同法消除“软条款”现象,真正实现有义务,有责任,有救济。在合同总则中规定明确的责任方式,在合同法分则中结合交易习惯等规定具体的后合同义务和后合同责任,使合同法更全面、积极地适应社会经济生活发展的需求,更好地平衡协调当事人之间的合法权益,维系诚实信用体系的“帝王”权威,使合同效用最大化,促进财产流转和效率最优。本论文主要以立法、判例、学理研究为基础展开,以书面资料研究为主,通过运用唯物辩证法、比较分析、归纳法、演绎法、体系化研究等方法全面研究后合同义务与责任体系,揭示后合同义务与责任产生的经济基础与理论基础;论文提出了后合同义务是独立于先合同义务、合同义务的新型法定义务,后合同责任也是合同法中一独立的责任形式;后合同责任有确定的责任构成要件;后合同责任的承担方式。
[Abstract]:Modern economy is market economy, market economy is composed of thousands of contract relations, in this sense, marketization is contract. Contract law is an important part of civil and commercial law, which plays an important role in regulating property circulation and regulating market order. The principle of freedom of contract, which was established in the period of classical contract law, is still an important principle of contract law. However, with the continuous development of market economy, the foundation of classical contract law, equality and interchangeability, has been shaken. In many cases, the imbalance of contracting force appears, so many concepts of modern contract law, such as the principle of contract justice, the principle of good faith and so on, begin to amend the absolute freedom of contract. One of its outstanding manifestations is the expansion of contractual obligations in contract law, accompanied by obligations, first contractual obligations, and then the emergence of contractual obligations. The purpose of this paper is to form a systematic legal framework of "obligation and liability" through the study of post-contractual obligations, and then to construct a complete system of contract "obligation and liability", so as to eliminate the phenomenon of "soft clause" in China's contract law. True realization has an obligation, a duty, a remedy. The specific post-contractual obligations and post-contractual obligations are stipulated in the general principles of contract, the specific post-contractual obligations and post-contractual liabilities are stipulated in the special provisions of the contract law, so that the contract law is more comprehensive and actively adapted to the needs of the development of social and economic life. Better balance and coordinate the legitimate rights and interests between the parties, maintain the "emperor" authority of the good faith system, maximize the utility of the contract, promote the property circulation and efficiency optimization. Through the use of materialist dialectics, comparative analysis, induction, deduction, systematization and other methods to study the system of contractual obligations and responsibilities, The paper points out that the post contract obligation is a new legal obligation independent of the prior contract obligation, and the latter contract liability is an independent form of liability in the contract law. Post-contract liability has certain elements of liability.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D923.6

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