活法与法律的合法性

发布时间：2018-06-25 16:08

本文选题：活法 + 法的合法性　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：2011年3月10日,吴邦国委员长在十一届全国人大四次会议第二次全体会议上所作的工作报告中指出,“一个立足中国国情和实际、适应改革开放和社会主义现代化建设需要、集中体现党和人民意志的,以宪法为统帅,以宪法相关法、民法商法等多个法律部门的法律为主干,由法律、行政法规、地方性法规等多个层次的法律规范构成的中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成”。这是中国近现代民主法制建设中一座重要的里程碑。中国特色社会主义法律体系的形成标志着中国在利用法律建构民族国家的历史使命中前进了一大步。本文正是立基于这一历史使命,以国家与法律的关系为逻辑起点,以国家与社会的关系为依托,探索什么样的法律(即法律应当具有什么样的品性)才能够建构具有主体性的民族国家。在笔者看来,这样的法律必须以“活法与法的合法性”作为进路,法律必须在与活法的双向互动中养成合法性的品性,使得自身得到证成。只有具有合法性的法律才能够将中国建构为具有主体性的民族国家,才能使中国稳定地屹立于世界政治结构中。本文的第一章以邓正来先生和强世功教授冀望通过法律将中国建构成民族国家的现世关怀为切入点,将国家与法律的关系作为逻辑起点,认为国家法律的制定必须以“活法与法的合法性”作为进路,进而完成本文论题的提出。本文的第二章对活法理论进行了梳理,论述了活法理论提出的背景、内涵及其与法的合法性的关系,提出活法可以证成法的合法性,为后文做了铺垫。第三章则从中国民间法兴起的角度,将活法理论与中国的经验联系起来,简单介绍了民间法的研究状况。第四章借助于亚里士多德的法治定义,说明了寻觅法的合法性的重要性。接着考察了哈耶克和哈贝马斯各自对于法的合法性的寻觅方式,在此基础上,笔者尝试着从“活法”中掘取法的合法性。第五章则以送法下乡为例,回到中国问题上来,指出中国问题的实质在于没有充分重视“活法”和“法的合法性”两个问题的结合,最后论证了活法能够不断地为国家法律提供法的合法性的理论可能性。
[Abstract]:In his work report made at the second plenary session of the fourth session of the Eleventh National people's Congress on March 10, 2011, Chairman Wu Bangguo pointed out that "one should base itself on China's national conditions and realities and adapt itself to the needs of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization," Where the will of the Party and the people is embodied, the Constitution shall be the commander in chief, and the laws of various legal departments, such as the relevant laws of the Constitution, the civil and commercial laws, shall be the backbone, and shall be governed by laws, administrative regulations, etc. Local laws and regulations and other levels of legal norms constitute the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has been formed. This is an important milestone in the construction of China's modern democracy and legal system. The formation of socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics marks a great step forward in the historical mission of using law to construct a nation-state. Based on this historical mission, this paper takes the relationship between the state and the law as the logical starting point and relies on the relationship between the state and the society. To explore what kind of law (that is, what kind of character law should have) can construct a nation-state with subjectivity. In my opinion, such a law must take "living law and the legitimacy of law" as the way, and the law must cultivate the character of legitimacy in the two-way interaction with the living law, so that it can obtain the proof of itself. Only the legitimate law can construct China as a nation-state with subjectivity, and make China stand stably in the world political structure. The first chapter of this paper takes Mr. Deng Zhenglai and Professor Qiangshigong as the starting point, and regards the relationship between the state and the law as the logical starting point. The author thinks that the formulation of national law must take "living law and legality of law" as the way to complete the proposition of this paper. In the second chapter, the author combs the theory of active law, discusses the background, connotation and the relationship between the theory and the legality of law, and puts forward that the living law can prove the legitimacy of the method, which lays the groundwork for the following article. The third chapter, from the perspective of the rise of Chinese folk law, combines the theory of living law with the experience of China, and briefly introduces the research situation of folk law. Chapter four explains the importance of seeking the legality of law with the help of Aristotle's definition of rule of law. Then, the author examines Hayek and Habermas' search for the legality of law, and on this basis, the author tries to extract the legitimacy of law from living law. The fifth chapter takes sending the law to the countryside as an example, returning to the Chinese problem, pointing out that the essence of the Chinese problem lies in not paying enough attention to the combination of "living law" and "legality of law". Finally, it demonstrates the theoretical possibility that the active law can provide the legality of the law for the national law continuously.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90

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