船舶间接碰撞归责问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 10:40

本文选题：间接碰撞 + 海上侵权　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶间接碰撞在法律实务中时有发生。然而，相关的法律规定却比较模糊，尚未明确地界定间接碰撞的概念和性质，也未明确地规定间接碰撞的权利义务主体。船舶间接碰撞损害赔偿责任的认定方法和归责原则也缺乏清晰的指导。本文在重新审视船舶碰撞含义的基础上，认为船舶间接碰撞概念应为：船舶在航行过程中，由于驾驶或操纵上的过失或错误，，虽未发生实际接触却给对方造成损害的事故。本文首先在船舶间接碰撞概念的基础上，探讨了间接碰撞船舶之间的法律关系，分析了间接碰撞的性质是海上侵权行为。其次，本文探讨了间接碰撞的权利主体和责任主体。其中，权利主体包括船舶所有人、挂靠经营人、货主和人身遭受损害的人。责任主体不仅包括船舶所有人和已登记的光租人，还应当包括船舶经营人、挂靠经营人、未登记的光租人、保险公司和船级社。最后，本文探讨了因果关系的认定方法，明确了构成间接碰撞应当兼备因果关系和航行过失。讨论了间接碰撞的归责原则，确立了“过错责任原则”和“比例过失原则”二元制归责原则体系。并且对《海商法》第165条提出了修改的建议。
[Abstract]:Indirect collision of ships occurs from time to time in legal practice. However, the relevant legal provisions are rather vague and have not clearly defined the concept and nature of indirect collision, nor clearly defined the subject of rights and obligations of indirect collision. There is also a lack of clear guidance on the determination of liability for indirect collision damage and the principle of liability imputation. On the basis of re-examining the meaning of ship collision, this paper holds that the concept of indirect collision of ship should be: the accident of causing damage to the other side in the course of navigation because of the fault or error in the navigation or operation of the ship, although no actual contact has taken place. On the basis of the concept of indirect collision, this paper discusses the legal relationship between indirect collision vessels and analyzes the nature of indirect collision is maritime tort. Secondly, this paper discusses the subject of right and responsibility of indirect collision. Among them, the subject of right includes the owner of the ship, the owner of the cargo and the person who has suffered damage. The subject of liability includes not only the owner of the ship and the registered charterer, but also the ship operator, the affiliated operator, the unregistered bare-charterer, the insurance company and the classification society. Finally, this paper discusses the identification method of causality, and makes it clear that the formation of indirect collision should have both causality and navigational fault. This paper discusses the imputation principle of indirect collision, and establishes the system of dualistic imputation principle of "fault liability principle" and "proportional negligence principle". At the same time, the article 165 of the Maritime Law is suggested to be amended.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294

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