船舶优先权优先顺序之研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 23:19

本文选题：船舶优先权 + 优先权　；参考：《华东政法学院》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶优先权是海商法特有的法律概念和制度,该制度的目的是保护特定海事债权人的特定利益,通过法律规定赋予特殊的海事债权人在向船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶经营人提出法定的海事请求时,在法定期限内通过司法程序扣押和拍卖产生船舶优先权债权的当事船舶,并就船舶拍卖价款享有优先受偿的权利。就其权利性质而言,存在程序性权利和实体性权利两种不同观点。在持实体性权利的观点中又有债权说、物权说、债权物权化说和与债权、物权并存的第三种权利说诸说。我国海商法规定的船舶优先权具有支配性和排他性的特点,是以确保海事请求权的实现为目的、在他人的船舶上设定、就当事船舶的交换价值享有优先受偿的权利,应当认为是法定的担保物权,属于实体性权利。作为一种优先受偿权,优先顺序问题是该制度的核心。事实上,船舶优先权的优先顺序直接关系到海事债权人利益的保护,受一国政治、经济和社会价值判断的影响,不同国家也基于不同的利益衡量考虑规定有所不同。本文从船舶优先权所担保的海事请求项目和受偿顺序、船舶优先权和其它船舶担保物权之间的优先性等问题出发,比较国际立法、主要航运国家立法和我国海商法中的船舶优先权制度,并结合我国审判实践,针对未与船舶所有人签订合同的船员对提供劳务船舶的船舶优先权的行使;船舶代理人代垫船员工资或港口使费后的船舶优先权行使;法定救助报酬优先权受偿顺位的矛盾问题;未确定的债权的优先受偿规则;船舶保险对船舶优先权受偿顺序的影响等问题进行探讨。本文特别比较了其他法律制度与船舶优先权之间的冲突与衔接问题。首先是海事赔偿责任限制制度与船舶优先权制度之间的关系,从立法目的看,船舶优先权制度是保护特殊海事债权人的利益,
[Abstract]:The maritime lien is a legal concept and system peculiar to the maritime law. The purpose of the system is to protect the specific interests of a specific maritime creditor and to grant special maritime creditors to the Special Maritime creditors to seize the maritime owners, the light ship charterers, and the ship operators, when the legal maritime claims are requested, and to be seized through the judicial procedure within the legal period and by the judicial procedure. There are two different views on the rights of the ship which produces the creditor's right of maritime lien and the right to give priority to the price of the ship's auction price. In terms of the nature of its rights, there are two different views of procedural and substantive rights. In the view of substantive rights, there are claims in the view of substantive rights, the theory of real right, the third kinds of ownership of debt rights and the coexistence of real right. The maritime lien stipulated in the maritime law of China has the characteristics of domination and exclusiveness. It is to ensure the realization of the maritime claim as the purpose, to set up the ship on the other's ship and to enjoy the right of priority for the exchange value of the ship. It should be considered as the legal guarantee property right, as a kind of substantive right. The priority order is the core of the system. In fact, the priority order of the maritime lien is directly related to the protection of the interests of the maritime creditors, influenced by the political, economic and social values of a country, and the different countries are also based on different interests. On the basis of the priority of the project and the order of compensation, the priority of the ship's priority and the security of other ships, we compare the international legislation, the major shipping state legislation and the maritime lien system in our maritime law, and combine the trial practice of our country with the ship who has not signed a contract with the ship. The exercise of the priority of the ship; the exercise of the priority of the ship's agent on behalf of the seafarer or the port, the priority of the ship after the fee; the contradiction of the priority of the legal aid remuneration; the rules of the priority compensation for the undetermined claims; the influence of the ship's insurance on the order of compensation for the maritime liens. The conflict and connection between the system and the maritime lien. First, the relationship between the limitation of maritime liability and the system of maritime lien. From the legislative purpose, the system of maritime lien is the benefit of protecting the Special Maritime creditors.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D922.294;D996.19

【引证文献】