集装箱超期使用费相关法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:05

本文选题：集装箱超期使用费 + 迟延履行违约金　；参考：《大连海事大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在集装箱班轮运输实务中,集装箱超期使用费纠纷时有发生。虽然承运人收取超期使用费被视为一种行业惯例,但是对于此类纠纷所引发的具体法律问题则缺乏理论研究。这些法律问题的合理解决一方面能够为审判实践提供一些启发,另一方面也有助于日后相关立法的完善。为此,对集装箱超期使用费所涉及的重要法律问题进行研究实属必要。本文对集装箱超期使用费的相关法律问题进行了深入分析,并在充分考虑船货双方利益的基础上提出了相关立法建议。具体而言,全文共分为五个部分：第一部分简要介绍了集装箱运输实务及超期使用费的基本内容,为下文的论述进行铺垫；第二部分从最基础的定性问题入手,论述了现有观点的不足,并最终将超期使用费定性为迟延履行违约金；第三部分介绍了承运人制定的计算标准,列举了审判实践中的不同认定方法,在此基础上对超期使用费的数额计算进行了理论分析并提出了立法建议,认为应当在《海商法》中对计收超期使用费的期限加以限制；第四部分就特殊超期使用费纠纷中当事人的确定问题展开论述,分别讨论了集装箱经营主体的地位、FOB条件下出口滞箱费的索赔对象、卸货港无人提货或收货人弃货时进口滞箱费的索赔对象；第五部分探讨了超期使用费纠纷的预防和解决措施,并提出立法建议。最后,本文认为,集装箱超期使用费是货方因违反海上货物运输合同项下的按时还箱义务而应当向承运人支付的迟延履行违约金,在《海商法》修订时,应当对承运人收取超期使用费的权利予以肯定并通过设立法定期限的方式对超期使用费的数额加以限制,此外,应制定具体实施细则对相关问题加以具体、明确的规定。
[Abstract]:In the practice of container liner transportation, the dispute about the extended usage fee of container occurs from time to time. Although it is regarded as an industry practice for the carrier to charge overdue royalties, there is no theoretical study on the specific legal problems caused by such disputes. The reasonable solution of these legal problems can provide some enlightenment for trial practice, on the other hand, it can also help to perfect the relevant legislation in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to study the important legal issues involved in the extended usage of containers. This paper makes a thorough analysis of the legal problems related to the extended usage fee of containers, and puts forward relevant legislative suggestions on the basis of fully considering the interests of both the shipping and cargo parties. Specifically, the full text is divided into five parts: the first part briefly introduces the container transport practice and the basic content of the extended usage fee, which lays the groundwork for the following discussion; the second part from the most basic qualitative issues, This paper discusses the shortcomings of the existing viewpoints, and finally characterizes the extended usage fee as the penalty for delay in performance. The third part introduces the calculation standards established by the carrier, and lists the different methods of determination in trial practice. On the basis of this, this paper makes a theoretical analysis on the calculation of the amount of extended royalties and puts forward some legislative suggestions, and thinks that the time limit for calculating the excess royalties should be restricted in the Maritime Law. The fourth part discusses the determination of the parties in the special extended user fee dispute, discusses the status of the main body of container management and the object of claim for the export delay fee under the condition of FOB, respectively. The fifth part probes into the prevention and settlement measures of the dispute over the extended usage fee and puts forward some legislative suggestions on the basis of the claim for the import delay fee when the unloading port does not pick up the goods or the consignee abandons the goods. Finally, the paper holds that the overdue usage fee of container is the penalty for late performance of the contract of carriage of goods by sea, which is due to be paid to the carrier for breach of obligations under the contract of carriage of goods by sea, when the Maritime Law is amended. It is necessary to affirm the carrier's right to collect overpaid royalties and to limit the amount of overpaid royalties by establishing a statutory time limit. In addition, specific implementation rules should be formulated to specify and specify the relevant issues.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.294

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