论商法的伦理之维

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:18

本文选题：商法的伦理性 + 商事习惯　；参考：《学术交流》2013年06期

【摘要】：伦理与法律实质上具有内在统一性,市场经济的健康发展离不开法律和伦理的调节和规范。商法从中世纪商人法到近代商法再到现代商法的演变过程依赖于伦理道德的引导,这些因素都凸显出商法的伦理基础。商法的伦理性特质不仅体现为商人群体自主创造和发展的、彰显商人精神的商事习惯,还存在于商法精神实质之所在的商法基本原则和充分展现商法人性关怀的商法规范等商事制度方面。商法需要技术性规范和伦理性规范的共同支撑。从伦理视角看待商法是为了平衡和改变当前我国商法体系过于注重技术性属性而忽视了商法伦理属性的现状,因此,创新我国的商法制度,必须注重伦理因素的考量:一方面,确立体现商人伦理精神的商事习惯的商法法源地位,将仅具有道德约束力的商事习惯吸收入法,在立法上承认商事习惯的法律效力,在司法上承认商事习惯可作为裁判依据。另一方面,把依赖工具理性设计出的商法制度建立在价值理性的基础上,将伦理精神贯彻到商法规则的设计中,不仅应检视现有的商法规范是否体现了伦理精神的要求,还应构建符合我国国情的体现时代精神需求的商事伦理文化。
[Abstract]:Ethics and law have inherent unity in essence, and the healthy development of market economy can not be separated from the regulation and standardization of law and ethics. The evolution of commercial law from medieval merchant law to modern commercial law depends on the guidance of ethics. These factors all highlight the ethical basis of commercial law. The ethical characteristics of commercial law are not only reflected in the commercial habits which are created and developed independently by the group of businessmen, but also show the spirit of the businessmen. It also exists in the basic principles of commercial law and the commercial law norms which fully show the humanity concern of commercial law. Commercial law needs the support of both technical and ethical norms. In order to balance and change the present commercial law system of our country, we should pay attention to the consideration of ethical factors in order to balance and change the present situation of commercial law from the perspective of ethics, while neglecting the present situation of the ethical attributes of commercial law in order to innovate our commercial law system: on the one hand, we must pay attention to the consideration of ethical factors. In order to establish the status of commercial law as the source of commercial law which embodies the ethical spirit of businessmen, the commercial custom with only moral binding force can be absorbed into the law, the legal effect of commercial custom can be recognized in legislation, and the judicial recognition of commercial custom can be regarded as the basis of adjudication. On the other hand, the commercial law system, which depends on instrumental rationality, is based on the value rationality, and the ethical spirit should be carried out into the design of the commercial law rules, and not only should the existing commercial law norms reflect the requirements of the ethical spirit. We should also construct a commercial ethical culture that reflects the needs of the spirit of the times in line with the national conditions of our country.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学民商法学院;
【分类号】：D913.99

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